北京市2017—2019年手足口病流行病学特征及时空聚集性分析

Epidemiological characteristics and spatial-temporal clustering of hand,foot,and mouth disease in Beijing,2017-2019

目的分析北京市2017—2019年手足口病流行病学特征及时空聚集性。方法由中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统获取北京市2017—2019年手足口病资料,采用SAS 9.4软件描述北京市2017—2019年手足口病报告病例人群、时间和空间,并使用SaTScan 9.5软件进行时空聚集性分析。结果北京市2017—2019年累计报告手足口病80586例,其中重症病例137例(0.17%),年均发病率为107.67/10万,男女性别比1.48:1(48035/32551),发病率较高的区聚集在城市发展新区。全市共探测到7个聚集区,均发生在2018年。最可能聚集区出现在2018年6—8月,以通州区永乐店镇为中心,涉及4区(通州区、房山区、大兴区和朝阳区)22个街道。结论2017—2019年北京市手足口病发病存在明显的时空聚集性,多发生在夏秋季,位于郊区和城乡结合处。应进一步加强城市发展新区手足口病卫生宣教工作,提高流动人口手足口病防护意识。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering of hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)in Beijing from 2017 to 2019.Methods The data of HFMD cases in Beijing from 2017 to 2019 were obtained from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System of the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.The population,temporal and spatial distributions of HFMD cases in Beijing from 2017 to 2019 was described based on SAS 9.4 software,and the spatial-temporal clustering of HFMD was assessed using SaTScan 9.5 software.Results A total of 80586 HFMD cases were reported in Beijing from 2017 to 2019,including 137(0.17%)severe cases.The average annual incidence was 107.67/100000.The male to female ratio was 1.48:1(48035/32551).Districts with higher incidence were clustered in newly developed urban areas.Seven clustering areas were detected in the city and all occurred in 2018.The most possible clustering area occurred from June to August 2018 with Yongledian Town of Tongzhou district as the center,surrounded by 22 streets in 4 districts(Tongzhou District,Fangshan District,Daxing District and Chaoyang District).Conclusions The incidence of HFMD in Beijing from 2017 to 2019 showed obvious temporal and spatial clustering.The cases were observed mainly in summer and autumn,and in suburbs and urban rural junction areas.Health education on HFMD should be strengthened in the new urban development area,to improve the awareness of HFMD prevention among the mobile population.