北京市218名健康婴儿水痘-带状疱疹病毒母传抗体调查分析

Investigation on maternal-transferred antibody against varicella zoster virus in 218 healthy infants in Beijing

目的了解北京市健康婴儿水痘-带状疱疹病毒(varicella zoster virus,VZV)母传抗体水平,为科学制定儿童水痘疫苗免疫程序提供依据。方法在北京市8个区共招募218名1岁以下婴儿受试者,采集血清标本使用酶联免疫吸附试验检测VZV抗体,分析抗体浓度和阳性率。采用非参数检验和x^(2)检验对抗体浓度和抗体阳性率进行比较。结果受试对象北京户籍与外省户籍人群比例为1:1.08,男女比例为1.08:1。VZV抗体浓度中位数和四分位数间距为23.7(4.8,49.2)mIU/mL,总抗体阳性率为9.2%(20/218)。不同地区人群抗体阳性率(x^(2)=0.59,P=0.74)和抗体浓度(Z=0.19,P=0.91)差异无统计学意义。各月龄抗体浓度中位数均低于阳性标准(≥110 mIU/mL)。不同月龄组VZV阳性率(x^(2)=20.64,P<0.01)和抗体水平(x^(2)=21.96,P<0.01)差异均有统计学意义。抗体阳性率在≤3月龄组为44.4%,从4月龄开始逐渐下降,4~6月龄降至12.2%~18.8%,7~8月龄降低至7.1%~7.7%,9月龄后基本降至0。结论未来应对北京市适龄儿童首剂次水痘疫苗的合理接种时间开展进一步研究。

Objective To assess the level of maternal-transferred antibody against varicella zoster virus(VZV)in healthy infants in Beijing,so as to provide evidences for scientific formulation of varicella vaccination schedule for children.Methods A total of 218 infants under one year old from 8 districts of Beijing city were recruited.Serum samples were collected and VZV antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The influencing factors of antibody titers and positive rates were analyzed.The antibody titers and antibody positive rate were compared by nonparametric test and chi-square test.Results Among the subjects,the ratio between residences of Beijing and other provinces was 1:1.08 and the male to female ratio was 1.08:1.The range between median and quartile value of antibody titer against VZV was 23.7(4.8,49.2)mIU/ml,and the total antibody positive rate was 9.2%(20/218).There were no statistically significant differences between antibody positive rate(x^(2)=0.59,P=0.74)and antibody titer(Z=0.19,P=0.91)in different areas.The median antibody titer in every month age group was lower than the positive cut-off value(≥110 mIU/ml).The differences both in antibody positive rate(x^(2)=20.64,P<0.01)and antibody concentration(x^(2)=21.96,P<0.01)among different month age groups were statistically significant.The rate of antibody positive in≤3 months age group was 44.4%and decreased gradually from 4 months of age.The rate decreased to 12.2%-18.8%in 4-6 months age group,then to 7.1%-7.7%in 7-8 months age group,and to 0 around 9 months of age.Conclusions Rational vaccination time of the first dose of varicella vaccine for children should be further studied in the future in Beijing.