大学生太极拳活动的心理健康效益:基于ICF的系统综述

Mental health benefits of Tai Chi for college students:a systematic review using ICF

目的运用《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(ICF)构建大学生参与太极拳活动的心理健康效益及架构,系统综述太极拳运动对大学生焦虑、抑郁及睡眠质量的改善效果。方法采用主题检索方式,检索Web of Science、PubMed、Medline、Scopus、中国知网、万方数据库建库至2022年11月10日公开发表的大学生参与太极拳运动及其在焦虑、抑郁、睡眠质量健康结局的相关文献,进行系统综述。结果纳入10篇文献,均来自中国和美国,包括10项随机对照试验和960例参与者(16.4~40岁),主要来源于体育与健康领域期刊,发表时间集中于2016年至2021年。物理治疗证据数据库量表评分平均为6.3分。大学生主要心理健康问题表现为抑郁、焦虑、高压力和低睡眠质量。采取的太极拳运动方式以二十四式简化太极拳为主,也包括陈氏太极拳。干预方案为每周1~6次,每次45~90 min(60 min居多),持续4~18周。太极拳对大学生焦虑、抑郁、睡眠质量的健康效益在ICF中主要体现在情感功能(b152)、心理运动功能(b147)、能量和驱力功能(b130)和睡眠功能(b134)。太极拳练习能改善焦虑,缓解抑郁,减轻压力。加入二十四式太极拳理课程的太极拳锻炼,对改善轻度和中度抑郁症患者的抑郁水平相比单一的太极拳练习效果更显著。太极拳有助于提高睡眠质量,缩短入睡时间,降低睡眠障碍和日间功能障碍。结论本研究基于ICF构建了大学生参与太极拳活动的健康效益的PICO架构。大学生从事的太极拳活动主要为二十四式简化太极拳,干预方案为每次45~90 min(60 min居多),每周1~6次,持续4~18周。太极拳活动心理健康效益主要表现为改善大学生焦虑、抑郁状态,提升睡眠质量。

Objective To construct the mental health benefits of physical activity of Tai Chi and framework for college students based on International Classification of Functioning,Disability,and Health(ICF),and to systematically review the effect of physical activity of Tai Chi on anxiety,depression and sleep quality of college students.Methods Relevant literatures about the health outcomes on anxiety,depression and sleep quality of college students participating in physical activity of Tai Chi were retrieved from databases of Web of Science,PubMed,Medline,Scopus,CNKI,Wanfang data,from the establishment to November 10th,2022,and screened and reviewed.Results Ten randomized controlled trials were included finally,from China and U.S.,involving 960 participants(aged 16.4 to 40 years).The main sources were from journals about physical activity and health,with publication dates from 2016 to 2021.The quality of the included literatures was evaluated using the Physical Therapy Evidence Database(PEDro)scale with a mean score of 6.3.The main mental health problems of college students mainly focused on depression,anxiety,high stress,and poor sleep quality.The physical activity of Tai Chi included 24 simplified Tai Chi and Chen style Tai Chi.The frequency of physical activity of Tai Chi was mainly 1 to 6 times a week,45 to 90 minutes(60 minutes mostly)a time,for 4 to 18 weeks.The health benefits of Tai Chi on anxiety,depression,and sleep quality for college students in the ICF were mainly in the affective function(b152),psychomotor function(b147),energy and drive function(b130),and sleep function(b134).The beneficial outcomes of physical activity of Tai Chi involved reducing anxiety,alleviating depressive symptoms and reducing stress.Compared with physical activity of Tai Chi,physical activity of Tai Chi with the addition of a twenty-four-pattern Taijiquan theory course was more effective in improving depression levels in patients with mild and moderate depression.Tai Chi also can help to improve sleep quality,shorten the time to sleep,and reduce sleep disturbances and daytime dysfunction.Conclusion A PICO framework of Tai Chi for the health benefits of college students has been constructed using ICF.Tai Chi engaged in by college students are mainly 24 simplified Tai Chi.The frequency of physical activity of Tai Chi is 45 to 90 minutes(60 minutes mostly)a time,1 to 6 times a week,for 4 to 18 weeks.The physical activities of Tai Chi can benefit in reducing anxiety and depression of college students and improving the quality of sleep.