基于创新能力提升目的的博士生培养模式改革

Reform of Doctoral Training Mode Based on the Purpose of Improving Innovation Ability

强化对博士生创新能力培养的要求是国家高新知识竞争力提升的需要,具有时代的紧迫性。提升博士生的创新能力,传统的博士生培养模式面对亟待改革的挑战。在讨论并强调创新型博士生培养何以重要及对博士生创新能力科学界定的基础上,文章分析提炼了博士生创新能力“敏锐发现并提出具有学术创新和突破价值之问题的敏感性(发现新问题的能力);高屋建瓴抓住问题本质并准确提炼其要素及把握要素间有机联系宏阔的学术视野(把握新问题的能力);运用多学科理论和研究方法非常规攻克难题的知识和能力结构(解决新问题的能力)”的三大要素。基于创新能力培养必须是博士生培养的价值追求,文章从基于创新能力提升目的的博士生培养模式改革、博士生培养目标的问题及其调整、博士生知识体系(课程结构)的问题及其重构,以及其他诸如招生录取、培养过程、制度、学位论文等要素的问题及其改革出发,提出了博士生培养模式改革措施。

Strengthening the cultivation of innovation ability of doctoral students is to meet the need of boosting national high-tech knowledge competitiveness, and is an issue of urgency in contemporary era. Regarding improving the innovation ability of doctoral students, the traditional doctoral training model faces the challenge of urgent reform. On the basis of discussing and emphasizing the importance of innovative doctoral training and the scientific definition of doctoral innovation ability, the article analyzes and centers on the three major components of innovation ability of doctoral students: "the sensitivity to discover and propose problems with academic innovation and breakthrough value(the ability to discover new problems);the ability to grasp the essence of problems at a higher level and accurately condense the elements and grasp the organic connection between them(the ability to grasp new problems);and the knowledge and ability structure to use multidisciplinary theories and research methods to overcome problems unconventionally(the ability to solve new problems).In view of the fact that the cultivation of innovative ability must be the value pursuit of doctoral training, the article proposes the reform of doctoral training mode based on the purpose of improving innovative ability, the problem of doctoral training goal and its adjustment, the problem of doctoral knowledge system(curriculum structure) and its reconstruction, as well as the problem of other elements such as admission, training process, system and dissertation and their reform.