“双一流”建设中地方政府自主性扩张的类型、风险及其规制

Types, Risks and Regulation of Local Initiative Expansion in the Construction of "Double First-class University"

“双一流”建设充分拓展了地方政府的自主性,其扩张类型主要有:进取型地方政府自主性扩张、发展型地方政府自主性扩张、保守型地方政府自主性扩张。权力结构变迁、利益驱动和政绩竞争是推动地方政府自主性扩张的主要动力。然而,由于地方政府自主性的过度扩张,引致了中央政府宏观调控失灵,高等教育地方保护主义盛行,高校在面向社会办学过程中缺乏自主权等多种风险。为此,亟须规范地方政府自主性的过度扩张,强化中央政府的宏观调控,建立良好的政府间竞争秩序,将高校办学自主权纳入法制化轨道。

The construction of "double first-class universities" fully expands the local initiative of local governments, and the types of initiative expansion mainly include: aggressive local government initiative expansion, developmental local government initiative expansion, and conservative local government initiative expansion. The main driving forces behind the expansion of local government initiative are the changes in power structure, the motivation of profits and the competition of political performance. However, the excessive expansion of local government initiative has led to some risks, such as the failure of the macro-control by the central government, the prevalence of local protectionism in higher education, and the lack of autonomy of universities in their society-oriented operation and management. Therefore, it is urgent to regulate and constrain the excessive expansion of local initiative, strengthen the macro-control of the central government, establish a good competition order among local governments, and ensure that universities have the law-based autonomy.