NICU医护人员对住院患儿家长的培训情况与临床实践的现况调查

A survey of training of NICU physicians and nurses for parents of hospitalized children and parents'participation in clinical practice

目的调查我国新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)医护人员对NICU住院患儿家长实施的专业培训情况及家长实际参与临床照护实践情况,为进一步开展符合我国国情的家庭参与式照护模式提供参考依据。方法本研究为横断面研究。于2019年3—4月,采用分层抽样法选取我国31所三级甲等儿童专科医院NICU 310名医护人员为研究对象,采用自制家庭参与照护问卷进行调查。本次调查通过在线平台发放问卷,共发放问卷310份,回收有效问卷299份,有效回收率为96.45%。结果我国医疗机构向家长开展各项目的培训率及临床实践率分别为69.9%~95.7%、59.2%~89.6%。家长参与培训及临床实践的项目一致性中等,Kappa值为0.383~0.739(P<0.05)。结论我国医护人员对家长实施培训及临床实践照护的开展范围及程度均有所提高,但部分基础护理项目的开展程度低。未来应充分考虑中国的诊疗体制和文化适应性,制定符合我国国情的家庭参与式照护内容、方式及运行机制。

Objective To explore the professional training provided by Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU)physicians and nurses to the parents of children hospitalized in NICU and their actual participation in clinical care practice,and provide a reference for the further development of family integrated care model in line with my China's national conditions.Methods This study is a cross-sectional study.From March to April 2019,totally 310 physicians and nurses staff in the NICU of 31 Class II Grade A children's specialized hospitals in China were selected by stratified sampling and investigated with a self-made family participation in nursing care questionnaire.In this survey,questionnaires were distributed through the online platform.A total of 310 questionnaires were distributed,and 299 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 96.45%.Results The training rate and clinical practice rate of parents in China were 69.9%-95.7%and 59.2%-89.6%,respectively.The project consistency of parent participation in training and clinical practice was moderate,with Kappa values ranging from 0.383 to 0.739(P<0.05).Conclusions The extent and level of training and clinical practice care for parents by physicians and nurses in China have increased,but the development level of some basic nursing projects is low.In the future,the content,method and operation mechanism of family integrated care in line with China's national conditions should be developed while taking into account China's diagnosis and treatment system and cultural adaptability.