区域服务贸易协定自由化程度对制造业出口服务化的影响——基于服务贸易新模式的视角

The Impact of Regional Trade in Services Agreement Levels on the Servitization of Manufacturing Exports:Based on the Perspective of a New Model of Trade in Services

不同于《服务贸易总协定》中界定的四种服务贸易模式,服务增加值贸易在制造业出口中的份额日益增长,推动了制造业出口服务化的趋势,催生出服务贸易新模式,即第五种服务模式。本文使用OECD-TiVA数据库测算了亚太地区模式5服务的出口规模并分析其动态变化的特征事实,运用引力模型检验区域服务贸易协定水平对于模式5服务贸易的影响。结果表明,区域服务贸易协定的基础水平、深度和广度对模式5服务出口均有显著促进作用,其中协定基础水平和广度的正面促进作用更强,协定对国外模式5服务出口的影响程度更大,缔约国经济发展水平和不同要素密集型制造业的异质性对区域服务贸易协定出口促进效应具有明显差异。本文结论为推进制造业和服务业深度融合、增强服务贸易竞争力和深度参与国际服务贸易规则谈判提供了新思路。

Unlike the four modes of services trade defined in GATS,the growing share of services value added in manufacturing exports has given rise to Mode 5 services.This paper uses the OECD-TiVA database to measure the exports of Mode 5 services in the Asia-Pacific region and analyze the facts characterizing its dynamics,also applies a gravity model to test the impact of the level of regional trade in services agreements on Mode 5 services trade.The results show that the base level,depth and breadth of regional trade in services agreements have significant promotion effects on Mode 5 service exports,among which the positive promotion effects of the base level and breadth of agreements are stronger,and the degree of influence on foreign Mode 5 service exports is greater.The heterogeneity of economic development levels and different factor-intensive manufacturing industries in the contracting countries have significant differences on the export promotion effects of regional trade in services agreements as well.The conclusion of this paper provides new ideas for promoting the deep integration of manufacturing and service industries,enhancing the competitiveness of service trade,and deeply participating in the negotiation of international service trade rules.