不同施肥水平对新植甘蔗农艺性状的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Levels on Agronomic Traits of New Planting Sugarcane

‘桂糖58’号(GT58)是广西甘蔗的主推品种,‘桂糖29’号(GT29)是广西目前宿根性最好的品种,探讨这两个品种对肥料的需求特性,可以为指导该品种在蔗区科学管理提供理论依据。以‘GT58’和‘GT29’为供试材料,在分蘖前施用不同水平的肥料T1(0%:0 kg/hm^(2))、T2(25%:562.5 kg/hm^(2))、T3(50%:1125 kg/hm^(2))、T4(100%:2250 kg/hm^(2)),研究不同施肥水平对新植甘蔗生长、产量、糖分等农艺性状以及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明,‘GT58’在不同施肥水平下甘蔗产量顺序为:T3>T4>T2>T1,其中T3和T4分别比对照T1提高了12.67%和11.11%(P<0.01);‘GT29’不同施肥水平下甘蔗产量顺序为:T2>T3>T4>T1,但是各处理间差异不显著,即不同施肥处理对蔗产量没有显著影响。从品种来看,‘GT58’的产量高于‘GT29’,但是糖分低于‘GT29’。综合考虑甘蔗生长、产量品质及肥料利用率等指标,本试验条件下,品种‘GT58’在T3施肥水平是供试水肥一体化条件下的适宜肥料用量;品种‘GT29’对肥料要求不高,施肥与否对其农艺性状的影响不大。

The sugarcane variety‘GT58’is a main popularized variety and‘GT29’is the best ratooning variety in China.It’s necessary to explore the fertilizers demand of the variety to provide references for the scientific management of the variety in the planting areas.Different fertilizer levels(T1:0 kg/hm^(2),T2:562.5 kg/hm^(2),T3:1125 kg/hm^(2),T4:2250 kg/hm^(2))were applied to the variety before tiller stage.Cane growth,final yield and sugar content were measured under different fertilization levels.The yield of‘GT58’under different levels fertilizer were in the order of T3>T4>T2>T1,and the yields under T3 and T4 were 12.67%and 11.11%greater than(P<0.01)the CK,respectively;and the cane yields of‘GT29’under different levels fertilizer were in the order of T2>T3>T4>T1 with no significant differences.The yield of‘GT58’was higher than‘GT29’,while the sugar content was lower than‘GT29’.Taking into account indicators such as sugarcane growth,yield quality,and sugar content,T3 is the most appropriate fertilizer amount under the conditions of water and fertilizer integration.The variety‘GT29’does not have high requirement for fertilizer,and fertilization has little effect on its agronomic traits.