市场激励型环境规制工具对中国资源型城市高质量发展的影响

The impact of market-oriented environmental regulation tool on high-quality development of China’s resource-based cities

基于中国114个地级资源型城市2011—2018年的面板数据,采用熵权法测算各资源型城市的高质量发展指数,并利用系统GMM模型、静态面板门限模型和动态面板门限模型,探讨市场激励型环境规制工具对中国资源型城市高质量发展的影响及其作用机制。结果表明:(1)2011—2018年中国资源型城市高质量发展水平在总体向好的同时也存在一定程度的极差扩大现象,且在空间上呈现出“东高西低”的分布态势;(2)市场激励型环境规制工具对资源型城市高质量发展指数存在显著的正向影响;(3)市场激励型环境规制工具对资源型城市高质量发展的促进作用受到城市低碳生活基础设施水平的调节和制约,存在门限效应。基于实证研究结果进一步分析了相应的政策含义。

Based on the panel data of 114 resource-based cities in China from 2011 to 2018, the entropy weight method is used to calculate the high-quality development index of each resource-based city. The influence and its mechanism of market-oriented environmental regulation tool on the high-quality development of resource-based cities are discussed by using systematic GMM model, static panel threshold model and dynamic panel threshold model. The results show that:(1) From 2011 to 2018, while the overall level of high-quality development of resource-based cities in China is improving, there also exists a phenomenon of widening extreme differences, and the spatial differences show a distribution pattern of "high in the east and low in the west". Specifically, the high-quality development index is the highest in the eastern region, followed by the northeastern region, whereas it is lower in the central region and the lowest in the western region.(2) Market incentive environmental regulation tools have a significant positive influence on the high-quality development of resource-based cities, that is, the improvement of the intensity of market incentive environmental regulation tools will significantly improve the high-quality development level of resource-based cities. In addition, a systematic GMM model is adopted to avoid possible endogenous problems in the regression and improve the robustness of the empirical results. Moreover, after we use the robust approach of gradually adding control variables and changing lag terms, the regression results are still consistently significant, which further proves the robustness of the results.(3) The positive effect of market incentive environmental regulation tools on the high-quality development of resource-based cities is regulated and restricted by the level of urban low-carbon living influence structure. There exists a threshold in the relationship between market incentive environmental regulation tools and high-quality development level of resource-based cities,that is, when the urban low-carbon living index exceeds a certain threshold level, the positive effect of market incentive environmental tools on its high-quality development is strengthened.The corresponding political implications are further analyzed based on the above empirical results.