论张岱对《水浒传》的接受

Zhang Dai′s Acceptance of The Water Margin

张岱与《水浒传》关系密切,曾序水浒绘画、评水浒小说、题水浒牌赞、载水浒演剧、写水浒杂剧、观水浒传奇、听水浒说书、记水浒雕刻,接受方式之多,涉及范围之广,在当时并不多见。这些接受活动主要发生在明亡以前,几乎不涉及民族意识。有关接受活动的记载,保留了文学、美术、戏剧、民俗、说唱、雕刻等方面的宝贵资料,蕴含着丰富的文化信息。张岱对《水浒传》文本的接受,在艺术方面,高度赞扬其艺术技巧;在思想方面,鲜明主张“忠义”说,强调惩恶除奸、嫉恶如仇、敢于反抗。张氏“忠义”说虽非新论,在天启、崇祯年间却有着独特的意义,值得关注。

Zhang Dai has a close relationship with The Water Margin.He wrote a preface to the painting,commented on the novel,wrote words of praise to Shuihu Pai,recorded the drama,wrote a zaju,watched the legend,listened to a storytelling,and recorded the carving about The Water Margin.These acceptance activities mainly occurred before the demise of the Ming Dynasty.His records on the acceptance activities retain valuable materials in literature,art,drama,folk custom,rap,sculpture and so on,which contain rich cultural information.As for the text comments,there are not only the praise of the novel art,but also the comments on the content of the thought.The latter are embodied in the″loyalty″,which emphasizes hating evil as enemy,punishing the traitor and resistance.Zhang Dai′s″loyalty″about The Water Margin is not a new theory,but it has unique significance and deserves attention.