重金属污染区耕地轮作休耕治理农户参与意愿实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Willingness of Farmers to Participate in Crop Rotation and Fallow Management in Heavy Metal Contaminated Areas

【目的】研究我国农村重金属污染区耕地轮作休耕治理农户参与意愿,分析影响农户参与重金属污染区耕地轮作休耕治理影响因素,为我国重金属污染耕地长期治理的有效实施提供参考依据。【方法】基于343户的调查数据,构建累积logistic回归模型,探究我国重金属污染区耕地轮作休耕治理农户参与意愿及其影响因素。【结果】相比于男性,女性更愿意参与重金属污染轮作休耕治理(-0.1341);农户参与意愿与受教育程度(-0.098)、家庭收入(0.2591)正相关,但与年龄(0.2036)负相关;农户参与意愿与轮作休耕治理政策了解程度(0.3049)、治理过程评价(0.0985)正相关,参与意愿受亲朋好友(-0.1110)影响较大,由于信任度原因现阶段农村基层组织政策宣传对农户参与意愿影响较小;农户参与意愿与轮作休耕后家庭收入变化(0.4851)正相关;农户参与意愿与自有耕地污染程度(-0.3995)负相关,与农户对环境关注度(-0.1953)呈负相关。【结论】农户个体特征及基本情况、参与后的家庭收入变化、耕地污染特征及对环境感知、政策宣讲及实施过程对农户参与意愿具备实质性影响。因此,要提高基层村组在政策宣讲和政策执行过程在农户心中的信任度;提高农业从业人员的受教育水平,降低农业从业人员平均年龄;增加农户家庭收入,拓宽农户收入来源渠道;从环境保护和收入层面加强治理的预期效应宣传,逐步消除农户污染治理与自身收入平衡的矛盾心理。

[Objective] The purpose of this study is to study the willingness of farmers to participate in the management of heavy metal pollution in the rural areas of China, and it will provide a reference for the long-term control of heavy metal pollution in China. [Method] Based on the survey data of 343 households, a cumulative logistic regression model was established to explore the willingness of farmers to participate in crop rotation fallow management in heavy metal contaminated areas in China. [Results] Women were more willing to participate in heavy metal pollution control(-0.1341). The participation of farmers were positively correlated with education(-0.098) and family income(0.2591), but negatively correlated with age(0.2036). The participation willingness of farmers were positively correlated with the understanding degree of fallow management policy(0.3049) and the evaluation of management process(0.0985). The participation willingness of farmers were greatly influenced by relatives and friends(-0.1110), while the policy propaganda of rural grass-roots organizations had little influence on the participation willingness of farmers. The willingness to participate was positively correlated with the change of household income(0.4851), negatively correlated with the degree of pollution(-0.3995) and environmental concern(-0.1953). [Conclusion] The individual characteristics and basic situation of farmers, the changes of household income after participation, the pollution characteristics of cultivated land, the perception of the environment, the process of policy announcement and implementation have great influence on farmers ‘willingness. To improve the grass-roots village group trust in the policy and policy implementation process, we should improve the education level of agricultural workers, reduce the average age ofagricultural workers, increase the household income of farmers,broaden the income source channels of farmers, strengthen the expected effects of pollution control publicity so that gradually eliminate the contradictory mentality between the control of pollution and farmers’ income.