“防御”还是“迎合”?企业社会责任的选择

“Defense” or “Cater”? Choices by Enterprises in Social Responsibilities

舆情压力下企业依旧频现失责行为,其背后所暗藏的社会治理问题与市场竞争内卷化并非孤立且亟待解决。本研究围绕“在什么条件下企业更倾向于履行社会责任”这一话题,采取问卷调查的方法,实证分析了制度环境压力以及市场竞争强度对企业社会责任的独立影响以及交互效应,并将制度环境压力分为规制压力、规范压力以及认知压力分别进行探讨。研究结论为:(1)制度环境中的规制压力、规范压力和认知压力对企业履行社会责任具有促进作用;(2)市场竞争对企业履行社会责任具有促进作用;(3)当二者同时存在时,则会削弱对企业社会责任的促进作用。结论不仅丰富了不同情境下适配于中国的企业社会责任理论,而且为经济转型下中国制度建设与市场协调问题提供启示。

Under the pressure from public opinions, enterprises are still constantly involved in breaches of responsibilities.The underlying social governance problem and the involution of market competition are linked to each other and urgently need to be solved.Centering on the subject of “under which condition enterprises tend to shoulder social responsibilities”,this research used questionnaire to empirically analyze the independent influence of institution environment pressure and competitive intensity on enterprises’ social responsibilities and their interaction effect, and discussed institution environment pressure from three aspects, namely regulation pressure, norm pressure and cognition pressure.Results show:(1) regulation pressure, norm pressure, and cognition pressure in institution environment exert promoting influence over enterprises’ undertaking of social responsibilities;(2) market competition urges enterprises to take social responsibilities;(3) when institution environment pressure and competitive intensity exist simultaneously, the boosting effect on enterprises’ undertaking of social responsibilities is weakened.The results not only enrich the theory adapted to Chinese enterprises’ social responsibilities, but also provide inspirations for China institution construction and market coordination under economic transition.