中国31省份数字经济发展水平测算研究

Research on the Measurement of the Development of Digital Economy in 31 Provinces and Cities in China

从信息通信基础设施、社会电商发展、数字应用支持、互联网普惠情况、数字经济发展潜力等多个维度选取21个基础指标构建评价体系来计算我国31省份(不包括港、澳、台)的数字经济发展得分。文章选用基于因子分析的主成分分析法测度2015—2019年间我国31个省份数字经济发展水平,确定各指标的权重,并计算出各省份的综合得分和主因子得分。结果显示我国数字经济发展水平区域存在显著差异,同时不同梯度和不同因子维度,各省份也存在发展差距。具体表现在东部城市数字经济发展领先,中部地区的发展较平均,西部地区发展落后。在数字经济发展较好的省份,各个维度相辅相成促进数字经济发展,而数字经济发展比较一般或比较差的地区主要受落后的数字经济基础设施建设制约,对此文章提出相应的政策建议。

This paper constructs an index system to evaluate the development level of digital economy based on21 basic indicators from the multiple dimensions including information and communication infrastructure, e-commerce development, digital application support, Internet inclusion and development potential of digital economy. It uses principal component analysis(PCA) based on factor analysis to measure the development level of digital economy in 31 provinces and cities of China from 2015 to 2019, determines the weight of each indicator, and calculates the comprehensive score and factor score of digital economies of each province/city. The results show that there are significant differences in the development of digital economy among different regions in China, and there are also differences among provinces in different gradients and factor dimensions. Specifically, the digital economy development of eastern cities is ahead, the development of western regions is backward, and the economic development of central regions is relatively average. The provinces with better or average digital economy development have better performance in the four dimensions-driven factors, which belong to the comprehensive and reciprocal development mode, and the development of each dimension promotes each other. But in the digital economy development relatively general or poor, the digital economy develops backward mainly owing to the poor digital economy infrastructure construction. This paper puts forward corresponding policy suggestions.