上海市黄浦区2022年新冠病毒感染者相关环境新冠病毒污染调查

Analysis on SARS-CoV-2 contamination in the environment exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 cases in Huangpu District of Shanghai in 2022

目的分析上海市黄浦区家居环境和公共场所环境中新冠病毒检出情况,描述新冠病毒对相关环境的污染特征,为建立和实施新冠病毒的环境消毒及健康宣教等防控策略提供依据。方法新冠病毒的环境污染数据为上海市黄浦区2月1日—3月31日针对199例新冠病毒阳性感染者轨迹所至的环境采样RT-PCR检测结果。基于分类汇总的环境样本新冠病毒污染阳性率的比较应用Pearson卡方检验和方差分析。结果上海市黄浦区2月1日—3月31日199例新冠病毒感染者相关家居环境的新冠病毒污染阳性率为6.47%(234/3618),公共场所为1.22%(47/3852),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=141.908,P<0.01)。居住条件较差的旧式里弄房环境污染阳性率为8.31%(96/1155),居住条件较好的公寓及花园洋房的环境污染阳性率为3.59%(22/612),差异有统计学意义(F=5.25,P<0.05)。家居环境中排水相关类物品病毒污染阳性率为13.30%(58/436),厨卫工具相关类为3.10%(17/548),差异有统计学意义(F=9.84,P<0.01);公共场所中娱乐器具相关类物品病毒污染阳性率为13.33%(2/15),厨卫工具相关类为0.62%(4/646),差异有统计学意义(F=4.22,P<0.01)。结论有关部门应加强新冠病毒感染者相关环境的消毒和通风及设施清洗,加强新冠病毒感染者相关污水环境中的新冠病毒赋存情况评价,新冠病毒防控措施的健康宣教应当向居住条件差的居民人群倾斜。

Objective To analyze the detection of SARS?CoV?2 in household environment and public place environment of Huangpu District,and describe the feature of SARS?CoV?2 contamination in the environment exposure to the infected cases,so as to support the control strategies such as disinfection and health communication.MethodsThe results of RT-PCR test for the environmental samples exposure to the cases infected by SARS?CoV?2 during February 1 to March 312022 in Huangpu District of Shanghai were collected as the research data.Pearsonχ^(2)was used to test the significance of the differences between positive rates of SARS?CoV?2 contamination.ResultsFrom February 1 to March 31,household environment samples had a higher positive rate(6.47%,234/3618)of SARS?CoV?2 contamination while the public place samples had a lower one(1.22%,47/3582)in Huangpu District of Shanghai(χ^(2)=141.908,P<0.01).Among the household buildings,the lane houses of old style representing poorer living condition had the highest positive rates(8.31%,96/1155)of SARS?CoV?2 contamination while the apartments representing better living condition had the lowest(3.59%,22/612)(F=5.25,P<0.05).Among the samples from household environment,samples regarding sewerage had the highest positive rates(13.30%,58/436)of SARS?CoV?2contamination,while samples regarding the tool of cooking and sweeping had the lowest(3.10%,17/548)(F=9.84,P<0.01).Among the samples from public place environment,samples regarding entertainment tools had the highest positive rates(13.33%,2/15)of SARS?CoV?2 contamination,while samples regarding the tool of cooking and sweeping had the lowest(0.62%,4/646)(F=4.22,P<0.01).ConclusionIn the environment exposure to the SARS?CoV?2 infected cases,the disinfection,ventilation and cleaning should be intensified strictly.SARS?CoV?2′s surviving in sewage environment should be evaluation dynamically.More health communication should be pushed to people of poorer living condition.