基于有限元模型分析不同蹬冰角度足踝部应力分布差异

Analysis on Differences in Stress Distribution of Foot and Ankle at Different Push-Off Angles Based on Finite Element Model

目的 模拟仿真不同蹬冰角度足踝部的应力,通过优化分析得到合理的蹬冰角度与足踝部应力的定量关系。方法 建立冰球鞋-足踝耦合有限元模型,三维拍摄获取冰球运动员的运动学参数进行模型验证与约束,计算对比分析不同角度蹬冰动作的足踝部应力,构建多目标优化函数模型。结果 在相同蹬冰角度下,胫腓骨应力最大,距下关节应力次之,第1跖趾关节应力较小,足底筋膜应力最小。随着蹬冰角度的减小,足踝部应力单调递增,胫腓骨和足底筋膜应力变化幅度大,距下关节和第1跖趾关节应力变化幅度较小。结论 在冰球运动启动阶段蹬冰过程中,蹬冰角度与足踝不同部位应力呈反比例关系。最佳蹬冰角度取决于对滑冰速度的期待值,如果给定速度与应力承受之间的偏好系数,可通过优化方法计算出最优蹬冰角度。

Objective To simulate foot-ankle stresses at different push-off ankles in ice skating, so as to obtain a reasonably quantitative relationship between push-off angle and foot-ankle stress through optimization analysis. Methods The finite element coupling model of ice hockey shoes and foot-ankle was established, then the kinematic parameters of ice hockey players were obtained by three-dimensional(3D) photography for model validation and boundary. The foot-ankle stresses at different push-off angles were calculated and compared, and the multi-objective optimization function model was constructed. Results At the same push-off angle, the stress of the tibia and fibula was the largest, followed by the subtalar joint stress, then the first metatarsophalangeal joint stress, and finally the plantar fascia stress was the smallest. As the angle of push-off decreased, the foot-ankle stresses increased monotonously. The stress changes of the tibia and fibula and the plantar fascia were large, and the stress changes of the subtalar joint and the first metatarsophalangeal joint were relatively smaller. Conclusions During the start-up push-off phase of ice hockey, the push-off angle and foot-ankle stress show an inversely proportional relationship. The optimal push-off angle depends on the expected value of skating speed. If the preference coefficient between speed and stress tolerance is given, the optimal push-off angle can be calculated by optimization method.