产品市场竞争与商业类国有企业创新

Product Market Competition and Commercial State-owned Enterprises Innovation

在深化国有企业改革进程中,明确外部市场机制对国有企业创新的作用,对推进我国的国有企业创新升级、建设创新型国家具有重要的现实意义。本文选取2015—2020年商业类国有企业上市公司为研究样本,从财力资源和人力资源两个维度,实证检验了产品市场竞争对商业类国有企业创新的影响。结果表明,产品市场竞争能显著促进商业类国有企业进行创新投入。通过异质性分析发现,这种促进作用主要存在于商业一类国有企业中,而在商业二类国有企业中不显著。此外,相较于地方国有企业,产品市场竞争对中央商业类国有企业创新的促进作用更强,且主要体现在人力方面的投入。本文结论有利于明确国有企业创新受阻的痛点,为推动国有企业分类改革背景下如何从外部治理机制角度提高国有企业的创新动力提供参考。

In the process of deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises,it is of practical significance to clarify the role of external market mechanism on the innovation in promoting the innovation of SOEs in China and building an innovative country.This paper selects listed commercial SOEs from 2015 to 2020 as research samples to empirically test the influence of product market competition on innovation of commercial SOEs from two dimensions of financial resources and human resources.The results show that product market competition can significantly promote the R&D input of commercial SOEs.Through the heterogeneity analysis,this paper finds that the promotion effect mainly exists in commercial-first-class SOEs,but is not significant in commercial-second-class SOEs.In addition,compared with local SOEs,the positive relationship is more stronger in central SOEs,which is mainly reflected in human resources.The conclusions are helpful to clarify the pain points of the blocked innovation of SOEs,and provide reference for how to improve the innovation power of SOEs from the perspective of external governance mechanism under the background of promoting the classified reform of SOEs.