地与心的融合——俄罗斯文学中的“叶列茨书写”

Geographical-psychological Integration:A Study of Yelitz’s Writing in Russian Literature

俄罗斯学界对地方书写的研究主要存在内外两种倾向:一种以超级文本理论为基础向外进行文化探寻,一种以元地理学相关理论为基础向内阐释人的心理图景。俄罗斯诸多作家如普希金、契诃夫、列斯科夫、杜纳耶夫、多纳-阿米纳多、普里什文、蒲宁等作品中均有对叶列茨的书写。将本文上述两种理论倾向融合,审视文学作品中的叶列茨书写,商业、宗教和英雄符码的超级文本特征得以体现;同时,呈现作者主观经验之下叶列茨文本的元地理特征:深厚的乡土情结,以及对人类生命诸多问题的终极思考,从而达到理论与文学的互证。

There are two tendencies in the research of local writing in Russian academic circles: one is to explore culture outward based on supertext theory, and the other is to explore people’s psychological picture inward based on the relevant theories of metageography. Many Russian writers, such as Pushkin, Chekhov, Leskov, V.Dunayev,Don Aminado, Prishven, Bunin and so on, have written about Yeletz. Combining the above two theoretical tendencies and examining the Yelitz’s writing in literary works reveal the supertext characteristics of business, religion and hero symbols. At the same time, they present the metageographical characteristics of Yelitz’s text under the author’s subjective experience: deep local complex and the ultimate thinking on many problems of human life, so as to achieve the mutual evidence of theory and literature.