《被遗忘的王国》:顾彼得的丽江民族志书写

Forgotten Kingdom: Peter Goullart’s Ethnographic Writing of Lijiang

民国时期,俄国人顾彼得根据他在丽江9年的生活经历,撰写了《被遗忘的王国》。这本书与同期其他外国人对云南走马观花般的游记不同,顾彼得对丽江的书写是深入当地人“生活世界”的“深描”,对纳西族的呈现方式也难得地跳出了“族群”的边框,将其置入丽江整体社会,并将“纳西族”还原为了血肉丰满、活生生的“人”。正是这些书写特质,让《被遗忘的王国》成为典范之作,也为今天的民族志书写提供了借鉴。

During the Period of the Republic of China, Peter Goullart, a Russian,wrote Forgotten Kingdom based on his nine years’ living experience in Lijiang, Yunnan Province. Forgotten Kingdom is very different from other foreigners’ books about Yunnan at that period. Peter Goullart uses “deep description” to demonstrate Lijiang’s folklore. And when he describes Naxi, he jumps out of the frame of “ethnic group”,puts it into the whole Lijiang society, and makes “Naxi” back to common people. These writing qualities make Forgotten Kingdom an exemplary work and provide a reference for today’s ethnographic writing.