龙岩市骨质疏松流行病学调查及相关影响因素分析

Epidemiological Investigation and Related Influencing Factors of Osteoporosis in Longyan City

目的:分析龙岩市骨质疏松(OP)流行病学调查结果及相关影响因素。方法:于2020年12月-2022年4月在龙岩市2区4县人口中,采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,抽样人群共2 150例。双能X线骨密度仪(DXA)检测腰椎处的骨密度(BMD)。收集所有研究对象的基本资料,将发生OP的人群纳入发生OP组,未发生OP的人群纳入未发生OP组,分析OP的影响因素。结果:两组女性绝经年限比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。发生OP组与未发生OP组的性别、年龄、受教育程度、规律补钙、经常参加锻炼比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。采用logistic回归分析显示,女性、年龄、受教育程度是影响OP发生的危险因素,规律补钙、经常参加锻炼是OP的保护因素(P<0.05)。绝经年限是影响女性OP发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:通过分析龙岩市OP流行病学调查发现女性更易发生骨量减少、OP,性别、年龄、受教育程度是影响OP发生的危险因素,规律补钙、经常参加锻炼是OP的保护因素,绝经年限是影响女性OP发生的危险因素,有利于指导临床对OP的预防及治疗。

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological investigation and related influencing factors of osteoporosis(OP) in Longyan City. Method: From December 2020 to April 2022, a total of 2 150 people were sampled from 4 counties in 2 districts of Longyan City by multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) was used to measure bone mineral density(BMD) at the lumbar spine. The basic data of all the research objects were collected, and the population with OP was included in the OP group, and the population without OP was included in the non-OP group, and the influencing factors of OP were analyzed.Result: The menopause years in women of the two groups were statistically significant(P=0.000). There were statistically significant differences in gender, age, education level, regular calcium supplement and regular exercise between OP group and non-OP group(P<0.05). logistic regression analysis showed that female, age and education level were risk factors for OP, and regular calcium supplement and regular exercise were protective factors for OP(P<0.05). The age of menopause was risk factor for OP in women(P<0.05). Conclusion: Through the analysis of the OP epidemiological survey in Longyan City, it is found that women are more likely to suffer from bone mass loss and OP. Gender, age and education level are risk factors affecting the occurrence of OP, regular calcium supplement and regular participation in exercise are protective factors for OP, and menopausal age is risk factor affecting the occurrence of OP in women, which is conducive to guiding the prevention and treatment of OP in clinic.