《斯拉夫女人告别曲》:20世纪俄国历史变迁中的政治符号和历史记忆

Farewell of Slavianka:Political Symbols and Historical Memory of Russian History in the 20th Century

1912年诞生并唱响于第一次世界大战时期的《斯拉夫女人告别曲》,是一首源于民间却反复被“政治化”的歌曲。它经历20世纪百年的俄国历史变迁和政治风云,穿越了俄罗斯帝国-临时政府-苏联-当代俄罗斯的历史时空,其本身负载了深厚的时代印痕和更为厚重的历史记忆,拥有较为特殊的史料价值和明显的史学意义。《斯拉夫女人告别曲》在对外战争或防御外敌方面是最鲜明的国家符号和民族旗帜,是超越民族、政治和阶层差异的最大公约数,是实现聚合各种力量同仇敌忾的工具。此曲在其历史流传过程中曾经伴随着俄国政治分歧和国家动荡,但最终则扮演了政治和解与民族和谐的重要角色,以鲜活的方式印证了20世纪俄国历史的演变进程。

Farewell of Slavianka, born in 1912 and widely sung since the First World War, experienced political changes of Russian history in the 20th century, bearing complicated historical memory and historical value.The song was the most distinctive homeland symbol and flag of nation in terms of foreign war and national defense against foreign enemies, and the most common divisor that transcended nations, politics, and strata.It gathered all forces to be bound by a common hatred for enemy.The song had actually aggravated political differences and national unrest, but ultimately played an important role in political reconciliation and national harmony.It deserves the title of Russia’s “unofficial national anthem” and fully reflects the development course of Russian history in the 20th century.