海滩养护影响下的海岸风沙作用研究进展

Advance in the researches of coastal aeolian sand effect influenced by beach nourishment

海滩养护已经成为全球基于自然(nature-based)海岸防护的主要手段,并得到广泛应用。随着全球强风区海岸海滩养护工程数量的增加,海滩养护对海岸风沙过程产生的一系列影响逐渐得到重视。海滩养护工程形成了新的海滩地貌形态,扩大了海滩风区、增加了风沙物源、提高了滩面高程、改变了滩面沉积物,海滩地貌和沉积物组分变化引起了风沙运动过程的变化,与自然海滩风沙过程相比,有其独特的过程和特征,已经成为海岸风沙研究的热点之一。本文从海滩养护影响下的风沙环境变化、风沙活动变化以及养护海滩对沙丘的影响等3个方面梳理了国内外研究进展,提出养护海滩风沙研究存在区域不平衡以及风沙过程的综合性影响和定量化研究不足等问题,并结合我国海滩养护未来的发展趋势,从强风区养护海滩风沙运动规律、养护海滩风沙环境全要素的综合影响和风沙作用变化的模型评估等方面展望了我国养护海滩风沙研究的未来发展方向。

Beach nourishment has become important means of a nature based coastal protection in the world,which has been widely used.With the increasing number of coastal beach nourishment projects in windy coasts around the world,it is found that beach nourishment has a series of effects on the coastal aeolian sand process.The beach nourishment project has formed a new beach landform,by which the beach fetch length has expanded,the aeolian material source increased,the beach elevation improved and sediments on the beach surface changed.The changes in the beach landform where the composition of the sediments changed the aeolian sand movement process.Compared with the natural beach aeolian sand process,the aeolian sand effect of beach nourishment has its own unique process and characteristics,and it has become one of the hotspots of coastal sandstorm research.This paper mainly describes the research progress of the changes in aeolian sand environment,the changes in aeolian sand activity under the influence of beach nourishment and the impacts of beach nourishment on dunes.The paper also summarizes the deficiencies and gaps between the researches on beach nourishment in China and the world.Combined with the future development of beach nourishment in China,some future research directions on the aeolian sand effect of beach nourishment in China are put forward.