认知性访谈在中年女性主观幸福感量表跨文化调适中的应用

Application of cognitive interview in intercultural adaptation of the Happiness Scale for Middle-Aged Women

目的探讨应用认知性访谈(CI)对中年女性主观幸福感量表(HAS-MW)进行跨文化调适的效果。方法本研究为定性研究。采用目的抽样法,于2022年1月选取延吉市社区的20名中年女性为研究对象进行2轮CI,每轮CI有10名研究对象参加。根据访谈提纲,了解研究对象对已初步汉化的HAS-MW各条目的理解程度。专家小组根据访谈结果进行讨论并修订量表条目内容。结果本研究共实施2轮CI,第1轮10名受访者(P1~P10)年龄为(49.00±3.55)岁,第2轮10名受访者(P11~P20)年龄为(51.00±3.16)岁。第1轮访谈结束后,因"语言书面化、语法和表达方式不完善"对HAS-MW 6个条目进行修订;第2轮CI结果显示,受访者理解修订后的量表条目内容,且认为与原量表表述一致。结论通过CI全面了解受访者对HAS-MW的理解情况,更有效地发现量表汉化过程中因语言表述不当造成的认知偏差,提高受访者对量表内容的理解程度,有助于HAS-MW跨文化调适,为量表修订提供了参考依据。

Objective To explore the application of cognitive interview(CI)in intercultural adaptation of the Happiness Scale for Middle-Aged Women(HAS-MW).Methods This was a qualitative study.In January 2022,20 middle-aged women in community of Yanji City were selected by purposive sampling for two rounds of CI,and 10 subjects participated in each round of CI.According to the interview outline,we understood the understanding of the subjects on the HAS-MW items that were preliminarily localized in Chinese.The expert group discussed and revised the items of the scale according to the interview results.Results In this study,a total of 2 rounds of cognitive interviews were conducted,the age of 10 respondents(P1-P10)in the first round was(49.00±3.55),and the age of 10 respondents(P11-P20)in the second round was(51.00±3.16).After the first round,6 items in HAS-MW were revised due to"imperfect language,grammar and expression".The second round of CI results showed that the respondents understood the contents of the revised scale items and believed that they were consistent with the original scale.Conclusions Through CI,we can comprehensively understand middle-aged women's understanding of the content of the HAS-MW,effectively find out the cognitive bias caused by improper language expression in the process of the scale's localization,improve the understanding of the content of the scale by the interviewees,which is conducive to intercultural adaptation of the HAS-MW and provides a reference for the revision of the scale.