不同坡度下的坡面土壤侵蚀特征分析

Analysis of Slope Soil Erosion Characteristics under Different Slopes

文章利用北票市水土保持部门2019、2020年径流小区实测数据,科学分析了坡面产流产沙量受坡度因子的影响,为全面掌握低山丘陵区坡面侵蚀特征提供一定支持。研究表明:坡面产流产沙量随着坡度的增加而增大,坡度处于20°~25°之间时产流产沙量最高,随后小幅减小但整体呈上升趋势;不同雨强下,最大30min雨强I30≥50mm/h的产流产沙量高于I30<50mm/h,随植被覆盖度的增加坡面产流产沙量逐渐减小,土壤抗蚀性增强;径流小区实测数据与USLE方程模拟产沙量相差不大,对北票市坡面土壤侵蚀计算该模型及其参数具有较高适用性。

Based on the measured data of runoff plots in 2019 and 2020 from the Department of Soil and Water Conservation in Bepiao City,this paper scientifically analyzed the influence of slope factors on sediment yield and runoff yield on slope,providing certain support for comprehensively mastering slope erosion characteristics in hilly areas.The results showed that the sediment yield on the slope increased with the increase of slope,and the sediment yield was the highest when the slope was in the range of 20°-25°,and then decreased slightly but showed an overall upward trend.Under different rainfall intensity,the sediment yield of the maximum 30min rainfall intensity I30≥50mm/h was higher than that of I30<50mm/h,with the increase of vegetation coverage,the sediment yield and sediment yield of the slope gradually decreased,and the soil erosion resistance increased.There is little difference between the measured data of runoff plot and the simulated sediment yield of USLE equation,so the model and its parameters are highly applicable to the calculation of slope soil erosion in Beipiao city.