社区环境与中国中老年人抑郁症状的关联研究

Exploring the Association between Community Environment and Depression Among Middle-aged and Elderly People in China

利用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2011年全国基线社区问卷数据、2018年全国追访家户调查数据,对社区环境与中国45岁及以上中老年人抑郁症状之间的关联进行研究。分层多因素Logistic回归研究发现:较好的社区文体娱乐环境和社区老年支持环境可能降低中老年人的抑郁发生风险,但随着年龄增长,中老年人利用文体娱乐设施的能力下降,较好的社区文体娱乐环境不能降低65岁及以上老年人的抑郁发生风险。未来,建设老年友好社区,需根据老年人身体功能发展和服务需求,倡导科学合适的身体锻炼,优化老年支持环境。

This study explores the association between community environment and depression symptoms among Chinese middle-aged and elderly people, using the 2011 national baseline community questionnaire data and 2018 national follow-up household survey data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS).Hierarchical multivariate logistic regression study found that better community recreational development and better community support for the elderly may reduce the risk of depression in middle-aged and elderly people.But with age, the ability of middle-aged and elderly people to use recreational development facilities declines so that the community recreational development environment does not reduce the risk of depression in the elderly aged 65 years and older.In the future, to build an elderly-friendly community, it is necessary to advocate scientific and appropriate physical exercise and optimize the elderly support environment according to the physical function development and service needs of the elderly.