高层住区边际空间临街公建的降噪实效研究

Research on Noise Reduction Effect of Marginal Space Public Buildings Facing Street in High-rise Residential Area

我国城市建设重点转向为提升居民生活质量的“存量更新”。现有高密度高层住区受交通噪声影响严重,随着“街区制”的推行,住区交通噪声污染可能进一步加重。在住区边际空间布置临街公建既能提升社会综合效益,也能降低噪声污染。利用噪声模拟软件建立高层住区噪声传播模型,改变临街公建高度、贴线率及屋顶坡度比,进行单一变量下多场景比较。研究如何充分利用可用资源,在满足各利益方需求的同时实现最佳的降噪效果,得到以下结论:临街公建为12 m时被保护住宅立面的降噪实效性最佳;为保证被保护住宅立面的降噪效果,贴线率控制值至少为75%;若利用坡屋顶实现住宅建筑立面的噪声控制,最佳坡比为i=1:2。此研究可从声环境优化角度为高层住区更新建设提供定量性指导。

The urban construction focus of our country is turned to the improvement of the quality of life of residents,namely the "stock renewal". The existing high-rise buildings and high-density residential areas are seriously affected by traffic noise. With the implementation of "block system", traffic noise pollution in residential areas may be further aggravated. Placing public buildings facing streets in the marginal space of residential areas can improve the comprehensive social benefits and reduce noise pollution. In this paper, the noise propagation model of high-rise building residential area is established by using noise simulation software. By changing the height of the public building facing the street, the rate of line connection and the ratio of roof slope, the multiple noise scenarios of the area under single variable changing are obtained and compared. From the perspectives of architectural design criteria and noise reduction effectiveness, it is concluded that when the distance of the public building to the street is 12 m, the noise reduction effect of the facade of the protected residential building is the best. When the line sticking rate of the public building facing the street is greater than75 %, noise reduction effect on the facade of the protected residence is obvious. When the roof slope ratio is 1:2, the noise reduction effect is the best. From the perspective of acoustic environment optimization, this study provides a quantitative guidance for the renewal construction of high-rise building residential areas.