音乐疗法联合系统康复训练对自闭症患儿病情控制及社交沟通能力的影响

Effect of music therapy combined with systematic rehabilitation training on disease control and social communication ability in children with autism spectrum disorder

目的探讨音乐疗法联合系统康复训练对自闭症(ASD)患儿病情控制及社交沟通能力的影响。方法抽取2018年9月至2021年9月许昌市妇幼保健院收治的ASD患儿87例,按康复方案分为观察组(45例)和对照组(42例)。对照组采用系统康复训练,观察组采用康复训练及音乐疗法。比较两组患儿治疗前后病情程度、社交沟通能力、自我效能感、心理发展及行为能力。结果治疗后,两组患儿中有刻板行为、自伤行为、自我刺激行为、情绪异常、攻击性和破坏力者比例低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿社交沟通能力、自我效能感、治疗效果评分均优于治疗前,且观察组改善幅度大于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组中文版心理教育量表中感觉反应、关系与情感、游戏及对物件兴趣评分、总分低于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组中文版心理教育量表中患儿感觉反应、关系与情感、游戏及对物件兴趣评分、总分低于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论音乐疗法联合系统康复训练治疗ASD,可有效控制病情,提高患儿社交沟通能力和自我效能感,改善心理发展及行为能力。

Objective To investigate the effect of music therapy combined with systematic rehabilitation training on disease control and social communication ability in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods A total of 87 children with ASD who were admitted to Xuchang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from September 2018 to September 2021 were selected,and they were divided into observation group(45 cases)and control group(42 cases)according to the rehabilitation programs.The control group was treated by systematic rehabilitation training,while the observation group was treated by rehabilitation training combined with music therapy.The degree of illness,social communication ability,self-efficacy,psychological development and behavioral ability of the children in the two groups before and after treatment were compared.Results After treatment,the proportions of stereotyped behaviors,self-injured behaviors,self-stimulated behaviors,abnormal emotions,aggression and destructiveness in the two groups were lower than those before treatment,and proportions in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the social communication ability,self-efficacy and treatment effect scores of the two groups were better than those before treatment,and the improvement in the observation group was greater than that in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the scores of sensory response,relationship and emotion,game and interest in objects,and total scores of the Chinese version of the psycho-educational profile in the two groups were lower than those before treatment(P<0.05),and these indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Music therapy combined with systematic rehabilitation training in the treatment of ASD can effectively control the disease,promote children’s social communication ability and self-efficacy,and improve psychological development and behavioral ability.