硕士、博士学位授予过程中导师审核权的规范及保障——兼议《学位条例》的修订

Regulation of Supervisor’s Examination Right in the Process of Master and Doctoral Degree Awarding

在硕士、博士学位授予过程中,导师审核行为尽管在不同学位授予单位有程序、对象和效力等方面的差异,但它是我国高校学位授予过程中的通行做法。从教育角度看,导师审核权可以从《教师法》相应条款推导而来,但是这种认识也带来一定局限。从管理角度看,导师审核行为是导师履行内部行政程序的过程。在导师审核权兼具教育和管理的双重属性的基础上,可以通过寻求教育法律支撑、完善校内规则构建和健全权利救济途径的方式达到对导师审核权的规范和保障的目的。

Although there are differences in the procedures, objects and effects of the supervisor’s examination behavior in different degree-granting units, it is a common practice in the process of degree awarding in universities of China. From an educational point of view, supervisor’s examination right can be derived from the corresponding clause of the Teachers Law, but it also brings certain limitations. From a management point of view, the supervisor’s examination behavior is the process by which the supervisor performs the internal administrative procedures. After realizing that the supervisor’s examination right has the dual attributes of education and management, the purpose of regulation the supervisor’s examination right can be achieved by seeking educational legal support, improving the construction of internal rules and improving rights relief channels.