层次观念的深化--依存、整合,以及轨层跟距离象似性的复杂对应

Deepening the notion of constituency:Dependence,integration,and the correspondence between orbital layers and distance iconicity

语言结构的“层次”是个复杂的概念,至少包含两种情况:“直接成分分析法”中层层两分的层次和多分的“向心轨层”中的层次。两种层次密切联系,也存在巨大差异。前者强调“整合”关系,后者强调“依存”关系。围绕着整合和依存,文章讨论了结构体,特别是“中间层次”结构体之整合度的相对性。文章最后讨论了轨层中反映不同范畴成分的距离关系的复杂情况,并跟生成语法的制图理论进行了比较。

By comparing Immediate Constituent Analysis(ICA),Dependency Grammar(i.e.Word Grammar)and Orbital Layer Analysis(OLA),this paper points out that:ICA obtains the greatest number of constituents whose psychological realities are hugely different;Word Grammar(WG)emphasizes on dependency relation but ignores whether the two constituents in such relation can further constitute a constituent;OLA is somewhere in between with about seven(7±2)"direct constituents"(a head verb plus all its dependents,both arguments and adjuncts)and is consistent with the span of human online information processing.Hence,OLA enjoys the greatest psychological reality.The article also discusses the relation between OLA and Syntactic Cartography in generative grammar on the basis of distance iconicity.