温度与盐分对荒漠植物骆驼蓬种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Temperature and Salt Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Peganum harmala

以荒漠植物骆驼蓬为试材,采用室内变温光照培养的方法,研究了不同温度和盐胁迫及其互作对荒漠植物骆驼蓬种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响,以期探讨骆驼蓬种子萌发的最适温度和对盐胁迫的耐性。结果表明:温度和盐胁迫及二者的交互作用对骆驼蓬种子的萌发率、萌发速率、萌发势、幼苗芽长和根系均具有极显著影响(P<0.001)。骆驼蓬种子萌发率为30℃/15℃和35℃/20℃下最大,显著高于20℃/5℃或25℃/10℃(P<0.05);在30℃/15℃和35℃/20℃下,随着盐分增加,骆驼蓬幼苗芽长均表现为先增大后减小的趋势,表明在较高的温度下,50 mmol·L^(-1)盐分更为显著地促进了骆驼蓬幼苗的生长;在所有温度条件下,随着盐分增加,骆驼蓬幼苗根长先增大后减小,在较高的温度下,100 mmol·L^(-1)盐分更为显著地促进了骆驼蓬幼苗的生长。因此,幼苗根长和芽长对盐分与温度处理的响应不同。

Taking desert plant Peganum harmala as test material,under variable temperature and light cultivation,to discuss the effects of different temperature,salt stress and their interactions on seed germination and seedling growth of P.harmala,and explore the optimum temperature for seed germination and tolerance to salt stress.The results showed that temperature and salt stress and their interaction had very significant effects on the germination percent,germination rate,germination potential,lengths of shoot and root of P.harmala young seedling(P<0.001).The germination rate of P.harmala seeds was the highest at 30℃/15℃and 35℃/20℃,which was significantly higher than 20℃/5℃or 25℃/10℃(P<0.05).At 30℃/15℃and 35℃/20℃,with the increase of salt,the shoot length of P.harmala seedlings increased first and then decreased,indicating that at higher temperature,low concentration of salt(50 mmol·L^(-1))significantly promoted the growth of P.harmalaseedlings.However,at all temperatures,the root length of P.harmalaseedlings increased first and then decreased with the increase of salt,indicating that at higher temperatures,low concentration of salt(100mmol·L^(-1))significantly promoted the growth of P.harmalaseedlings.Therefore,the responses of seedling root length and shoot length to salt and temperature treatments were different.