我国农业生产效率及时空特征探析

Analysis of Agricultural Production Efficiency and Its Time-space Characteristics in China

使用2008—2018年省际面板数据,结合三阶段DEA模型和聚类分析方法对我国农业生产效率及时空特征进行探析。结果表明:1)总体来看,人均GDP增长对农业生产效率的提高有促进作用,受灾面积和财政对农业的支持力度的增加对农业生产效率的提高有阻碍作用。2)我国农业生产效率均值呈现明显的时间波动趋势;东北部农业生产效率均值最高,其次是东部和中部,西部最低,整体上农业生产效率高效区由东北部、东部向中西部地区转移。因此,我国农业生产要提高各省农业抵御自然灾害的能力,完善农业相关保险体系,使得农业生产能够得到有效保障,降低灾害带来的各种损失;转变农业生产方式,改善农业生产基础环境,大力发展现代农业,减少投入要素冗余;保证惠农政策落到实处,因地制宜,提高农民生产积极性,保证农民增收、农业增效。

Using the inter provincial panel data from 2008to 2018,combined with the three-stage DEA model and cluster analysis method,the agricultural production efficiency and space-time characteristics in China were analyzed.The results showed that,1)on the whole,per capita GDP promoted the improvement of agricultural production efficiency,while the affected area and financial support for agriculture hindered the improvement of agricultural production efficiency.2)The average value of China′s agricultural production efficiency showed an obvious trend of time fluctuation.The average value of agricultural production efficiency in the northeast was the highest,followed by the east and the middle,and the west was the lowest.On the whole,the agricultural production efficiency efficient area was transferred from the northeast and the east to the central and western regions.Therefore,China′s agricultural production should improve the ability of each province′s agriculture to resist natural disasters,improve the agricultural related insurance system,so that agricultural production can be effectively guaranteed,and reduce various losses caused by disasters.Change the agricultural production mode,improve the basic environment of agricultural production,vigorously develop modern agriculture,and reduce the redundancy of input factors.We will ensure that the policy of benefiting farmers is implemented,adjust measures to local conditions,improve farmers′enthusiasm for production,and ensure that farmers′income and agricultural efficiency are increased.