黏膜厚度与种植体植入深度对种植体边缘骨吸收的影响

Effect of Mucosal Thickness and Implant Depth on Crestal Bone Change of Implants

目的:针对不同厚度的黏膜采取不同的植入深度,探究其对种植体边缘骨水平的影响。方法:选择2018年1月~2020年6月期间于太原恒伦口腔医院种植中心就诊行单颗后牙种植固定修复的患者78名,共植入96枚平台转移种植体,根据黏膜厚度分为两组:薄龈组(<3 mm)和厚龈组(≥3 mm),薄龈组46枚种植体植入到骨平面下1.5 mm,厚龈组50枚种植体平齐骨面植入,在植入即刻、修复后6个月和12个月拍摄根尖片,分别测量两组骨水平变化,应用SPSS 22.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果:修复后6个月及12个月,薄龈组与厚龈组骨吸收值差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。薄龈组种植体均没有出现螺纹暴露。结论:通过将平台转移种植体植入到骨下合适的位置,能够维持种植体边缘骨水平,弥补软组织厚度的不足的问题。

Objective:To explore the effect of different implantation depths and gingival thicknesses on bone remodeling around implants.Methods:From January 2018 to June 2020,78 patients who received single posterior implantation in the Implant Center of Taiyuan Hamony Long Stomatological Hospital were selected.A total of 96 platform-switching implants were implanted.They were divided into two groups according to the thickness of mucosa:thin gingiva group(<3 mm)and thick gingiva group(≥3 mm).Forty-six implants in thin gingiva group were implanted 1.5 mm below the bone level,50 implants in the thick gingival group were implanted aligning with the bone level.Digital periapical films were taken immediately after implantation and 6 months and 12 months after prostheses delivered.The changes of bone level in the two groups were measured,respectively.Results:There was no significant difference in bone resorption between thin gingiva group and thick gingiva group 6 and 12 months after prostheses delivered(P>0.05).There was no thread exposure in thin gingiva group.Conclusion:The bone level of the implant can be maintained by placing the platform-switching implants into a suitable position under the bone level so as to make up for the lack of soft tissue thickness.