科学认识马克思恩格斯思想的内在一致性——从唯物史观创立的双重线索出发

The Intrinsic Consistency of Marx and Engels’ Thoughts——From the Perspective of Double Clues in the Formation of Historical Materialism

唯物史观是马克思、恩格斯共同创立的科学世界观。在这一新世界观形成的过程中,青年马克思与青年恩格斯的研究侧重点不尽相同并且各有长处。马克思通过处理和改造德国哲学的巨大遗产从理论批判的角度不断冲破旧哲学的桎梏,其长处在于从人类社会历史发展的角度来把握和分析社会现实问题;而恩格斯则是根据亲身观察和可靠材料通过现实调研的方式一步步走向唯物史观,其长处在于研究社会现实中的内在对立和矛盾。这两条路径各有千秋,正是得益于马克思和恩格斯各自研究优势的不断整合和强强相加,才形成了关于新世界观的精湛论述。深入挖掘唯物史观形成的两条路径的独特内涵,科学认识马克思、恩格斯思想的内在一致性,对于驳斥各种形式“马恩对立论”的错误论调,进一步深化唯物史观的研究具有重要意义。

Historical materialism is the scientific worldview co-founded by Marx and Engels. In the process of the formation of this new worldview, the research emphases of young Marx and young Engels are not totally the same and each has its own advantages. By dealing with and reforming the great legacy of German philosophy, Marx breaks through the shackles of old philosophy from the perspective of theoretical criticism. His advantage lies in managing and analyzing social reality problems from the perspective of the development of human society and history. Engels, on the other hand, with his own observation and reliable materials, moves towards historical materialism step by step with practical investigation, and his advantage lies in the study of the inherent opposition and contradiction in social reality. These two approaches have their own strengths. It is the continuous integration and combination of the advantages of Marx and Engels’ respective research that forms the exquisite discussion on the new worldview. It is of great significance to excavate the unique connotation of the two paths to the formation of historical materialism and scientifically understand the internal consistency of Marx and Engels’ thoughts, refuting various forms of "the opinion that Engels opposes Marx" and further deepening the research of historical materialism.