我国职业足球劳动争议解决机制的完善——基于新修《体育法》的考察

The Improvement of the Professional Football Labor Dispute Resolution Mechanism:Based on the Study of the New Sports Law

在我国职业足球劳动争议问题上,当前的制度框架内存在两种可行的解决路径,即体育纠纷和劳动争议解决程序。新修订的《体育法》虽强化了体育仲裁的地位,将劳动争议排除在体育仲裁之外,但未明确行业内部纠纷解决机制与劳动争议解决机制的关系。从中国足球协会仲裁委员会的性质、排他性管辖合法性、一裁终局的外部性监督来看,其不具有排除劳动争议解决机制的基础。为进一步完善我国职业足球劳动争议解决机制,应协调足协仲裁与劳动仲裁的受理关系,增强足协仲裁委员会的中立性,发挥其调解功能,提升劳动仲裁的专业性;法院应甄别职业足球劳动争议的涉案类型,明确司法介入的可行性路径,以确保体育自治与司法外部监督的平衡。

Regarding labor disputes in professional football in China,there are two feasible solutions within the current institutional framework,namely sports disputes and labor dispute resolution procedures.Although the latest revision of"Sports Law"strengthens the status of sports arbitration and excludes labor disputes from sports arbitration,it does not clarify the relationship between professional internal dispute resolution mechanisms and labor dispute resolution mechanisms.Judging from the nature of the Chinese Football Association Arbitration Committee,the legitimacy of exclusive jurisdiction,and the external supervision of the final arbitration,it lacks the basis to exclude the labor dispute settlement mechanism.For further improvement of the labor disputes resolution mechanism of professional football,the legislator should coordinate the relationship between the Chinese Football Association Arbitration Committee and the labor arbitration institution,enhance the neutrality of the Chinese Football Association Arbitration Committee,give play to its mediation function,and improve the professionalism of the labor arbitration.The court should identify the types involved in labor disputes of professional football and clarify the feasible judicial intervention in sports arbitration to ensure the balance between sports autonomy and external judicial supervision.