牙周病患者前牙即刻种植即刻修复与早期种植延期修复对牙周组织健康、美学效果及远期成功率的影响比较

Comparison of the Effects of Immediate Implant with Immediate Loading and Early Delayed Implant Restoration on Periodontal Tissue Health,Aesthetic Effect and Longterm Success Rate in Patients with Periodontal Disease

目的:探究牙周病患者前牙即刻种植即刻修复与早期种植延期修复对牙周组织健康、美学效果及远期成功率的影响。方法:选取2017年3月-2020年3月笔者医院口腔科收治的60例前牙种植修复的牙周病患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组行早期种植延期修复,观察组行即刻种植即刻修复。比较两组种植体全冠修复完成后1、3、6、12个月穿龈深度、红色美学指数(Pink esthetic score,PES)、白色美学指数(White esthetic score,WES)及第12个月骨吸收量、种植成功率,观察并发症发生情况。结果:种植修复完成后1、3、6、12个月,与对照组相比,观察组穿龈深度均明显更低,PES评分、WES评分均更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组第12个月骨吸收量(0.57±0.13vs 0.61±0.15)、远期成功率(97.67%vs 95.12%)、并发症发生率(13.95%vs 21.95%)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:与延期修复比较,牙周病患者行前牙即刻种植修复在骨吸收、远期成功率与并发症发生率比较差异均无统计学意义,但即刻种植修复可有效改善患者牙周组织健康程度,提高美学效果。

Objective To explore the effects of immediate implant with immediate loading and delayed implantation on periodontal tissue health,aesthetic effects and long-term success rate in patients with periodontal disease undergoing anterior dental implant restoration.Methods From March 2017 to March 2020,60 patients with periodontal disease undergoing anterior dental implant restoration in department of stomatology of our hospital were selected as the research subjects,and they were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,with 30 cases in each group.The control group was given delayed implantation while the observation group was given immediate implantation.The periodontal pocket depth,Pink Esthetic Score(PES)and White Esthetic Score(WES)at 1 month,3 months,6 months and 12 months after the completion of full crown restoration and bone absorption and implantation success rate on the 12th month were compared between thee two groups,and the complications were observed.Results At 1,3,6 and 12 months after the completion of implant restoration,compared with the control group,the gingival penetration depth in the observation group was significantly lower,and the PES score and WES score were higher,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in bone absorption(0.57±0.13 vs 0.61±0.15),long-term success rate(97.67%vs 95.12%)and incidence rate of complications(13.95%vs 21.95%)on the 12 months between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with delayed implantation,there are no significant differences in bone absorption,long-term success rate and incidence rate of complications among patients with periodontal disease undergoing immediate anterior dental implant restoration,but immediate implantation can effectively improve the periodontal tissue health and enhance the aesthetic effects.