《易经》的领导力模型构建研究

A Study of Leadership Model Construction by the Book of Changes

在现代管理实践中,管理人员常常享有领导者与管理者的双重身份。二者的差异在于管理者在多数时候面对的是稳定的、常规的问题与决策,而领导者更多地面对不稳定的、非常规的问题与决策,因此领导力通常被视为应对变化的管理艺术,为VUCA时代所需。在中国,《易经》被视为“群经之首”,是伏羲氏观察自然变化所作,成为“因时而易”思想的启蒙之作,与领导的艺术性不谋而合。在春秋战国时期,更是被诸子百家解读形成了各自的学说从而带来管理思想的百家争鸣。故从传统文化的视角出发,通过分解《易经》的内容结构、融合象数和义理两大学派的领导哲学、结合历史编纂与扎根理论可将《易经》的领导力模型规约为分合一元的领导思维、阴阳结合的领导方式、生长收藏的领导周期、修己安人的领导特质与化否为泰的领导目标,从而为中国特色与原创的领导理论提供增量贡献。

In the modern management practice, managers often have dual identities of leader and manager. The difference between the two is that managers are usually faced with stable and routine problems and decision-making while leaders are more confronted with unstable and unconventional issues and decision-making. Therefore, leadership is generally regarded an art of manage ment to deal with changes, which is requiredin the VUCA era. In China, the Book of Changes is regarded as “the first and foremost among all the scriptures”. It was made by Fuxi’s observation of the natural changes and has become the enlightening masterpiece of the thought of changing with the time, which coincides with the artistry of the leadership. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was even interpreted differently by hundreds of scholars to form their own doctrines and has brought a heated debate of management thoughts. Therefore, from the perspective of Chinese traditional culture, through decomposing the content and structure of the Book of Changes, integrating the leadership philosophy of the two schools of the image-numerology and the philosophical connotations, combining the historical compilation and the rooting theory, the leadership model of the Book of Changes can be reduced to be the leadership cogitation of dividing and uniting, the leadership method of combining yin and yang, the leadership cycle of growing collections, the leadership characteristics of self-discipline and stabilizing others, and the leadership goal of transforming negatives into success, so as to provide incremental contributions to the original leadership theory with Chinese characteristics.