城乡精细化治理背景下的新型社区养老模式——时间银行的运营机制调查研究

New Model of Community Nursing Service under Refined Urban-Rural Governance:A Study on Time Banks Operational Mechanism

我国人口老龄化程度的不断加深,不仅给全社会带来了沉重的养老压力,也成为当下城乡精细化治理的重点问题。探索新型养老模式,已成为解决养老问题的突破口之一。近年来,为了调动社会资源参与养老服务,我国不少城市在传统的社区养老模式下,建立了“时间银行”的互助养老服务体系。文章以南京市雨花台区开展“时间银行”的社区为研究对象,围绕时间银行在“供不应求”的状态下如何调配供需关系这一问题,通过识别时间银行参与主体及其特征,运用社会调查方法研究时间银行的调配机制,进而对目前时间银行的运营机制进行评价,并提出未来“时间银行”与社区养老模式值得改进的方向。

China’s growing trend of aging,not only brought heavy nursing pressure to the society,but also became a crucial problem for urban-rural refined governance.Exploring a new model of nursing service,has become the key to solve nursing problem.In recent years,many Chinese cities have established the "time bank" mutual nursing system in order to leverage social capital.This paper focuses on neighborhoods with time bank system in Yuhua district,Nanjing.To answer the major question that how local time banks balance demand-supply relationship,this paper identifies the participating groups and their features,and applies social surveying method to study time bank’s operational mechanism.The study also evaluates the current operational mechanism of time banks,and proposes suggestions for future time banks and community nursing model.