早世代优质小麦的快速筛选鉴定

Rapid Screening and Identification of Wheat Lines with High Quality in the Earlier Generations

为提高育种后代优质小麦新品种的中选概率,本研究以强筋小麦品种‘济麦20’与高产小麦品种‘济麦22’杂交和回交获得的76个BC1F2:4群体为试验材料,通过SDS沉降值测定、面筋指数测定和高分子量谷蛋白亚基电泳分析,筛选到2个优质小麦株系(6225和6294);初步建立了育种后代早世代优质小麦的快速筛选鉴定方法体系,即首先测定株系的面筋指数,再测定谷蛋白亚基组成和SDS沉降值,最后测定稳定时间等品质指标。本研究建立的优质小麦快速筛选方法体系,对于提高优质小麦新品种中选概率具有一定的应用价值。

To improve the probability of wheat lines selected with good quality in the breeding programme,76 BC1F2:4linespopulations were obtained by crosscrossing and backcrossing between strong gluten wheat variety’Jimai20’and high yield wheat variety’Jimai22’.Then 2 wheat lines,6225 and 6294 were selected by SDS sedimentation(SDSS)detection,gluten index(GI)detection and high molecular weight glutenin subunits sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(HMW-GS SDS-PAGE).A rapid screening and identification method system for early generation and high quality wheat was established.Firstly,gluten index was determined,then gluten subunit composition and SDS settlement value were determined.Finally,stability time and other quality indexes were determined.The rapid screening method system of high quality wheat established in this study has certain application value for improving the selection probability of new varieties of high quality wheat.