四种有机磷农药对大型蚤的急性毒性研究

Acute Toxicity of Four Organophosphorus Pesticides on Daphnia Magna

有机磷农药具有高效易降解等特点以被广泛使用,但有机磷农药的不规范使用在全球范围内也带来了一系列残留和污染问题。本实验采用静态暴露法观察大型蚤在不同浓度下的生命活动,确定有机磷农药对大型蚤的影响。本文应用大型蚤来检测辛硫磷等四种有机磷农药。实验结果表明辛硫磷、草甘膦、草铵膦、敌敌畏对大型蚤24 h-LC50分别为0.97μg/L、4.85 mg/L、37.47 mg/L、0.096μg/L,辛硫磷属于高毒性农药,草甘膦属于中毒性农药,草铵膦属于低毒性农药,敌敌畏属于极毒性农药。说明有机磷农药对水生生物有较严重的毒性风险,使用时应注意用量。

Organophosphorus pesticides are widely used because of their high efficiency and easy degradation,but the non-standard use of organophosphorus pesticides has brought a series of residue and pollution problems worldwide.In this experiment,static exposure method was used to investigate the activities of Daphnia Magna in different concentrations of pesticides.Four kinds of organophosphorus pesticides included phoxim,glyphosate,glyphosate and dichlorvos.The results showed that phoxim,glyphosate,glyphosate and dichlorvos were 0.97μg/L,4.85 mg/L,37.47 mg/L and 0.096μg/L,respectively.Phoxim was a highly toxic level pesticide,while glyphosate was in a moderately toxic level,phoxim was a low toxic pesticide,but dichlorvos is an extremely toxic to Daphnia Magna.The results showed that organophosphorus pesticides had serious toxicity risk to aquatic organisms,and the dosage of them in water should be paid attention.