环境友好型光热材料的海水淡化研究进展

Research Progress on Environmentally Friendly Photothermal Materials for Desalination

近年来,水资源短缺已是我们亟需解决的问题。太阳能光热水蒸发技术利用光热材料吸收太阳能,将其转化为热能后实现海水淡化处理,从而有效缓解水资源短缺问题。随着光热水蒸发技术的不断发展,制备绿色、高效的环境友好型光热材料已成为研究热点。本文介绍了光热转换技术的概念,并着重综述了环境友好型光热材料的合成方法及海水淡化的应用效果,阐述了改性方法和材料结构对海水淡化的影响,最后对光热水蒸发现存问题进行了总结与展望。

In recent years,the water shortage has become an urgent problem to be solved.In solar steam generation,the photothermal materials were used to absorb solar energy and convert it into thermal energy to realize seawater desalination,and effectively alleviates the problem of water shortage.With the continuous development of solar steam generation,the preparation of green,efficient and environmentally friendly photothermal materials has become a research hotspot.In this review,the concept of photothermal conversion technology is introduced,and the synthesis method of environment-friendly photothermal materials and its application for seawater desalination are reviewed.The influence of modification methods and the structures of materials on seawater desalination is expounded.Finally,the existing problems of photothermal evaporation are summarized and prospected.