“乌昌石”区域PM_(2.5)污染特征及其与气象要素的关系

PM_(2.5)Pollution Characteristics and its Relationship with Meteorological Elements in Wu chang shi Area

基于2015~2020年“乌昌石”区域PM_(2.5)逐时监测数据及气象资料,分析了区域内PM_(2.5)污染特征及其与气象要素的关系。结果表明:2015~2020年“乌昌石”区域PM_(2.5)年均浓度介于53.61~65.31μg/m^(3)之间,2017年后区域PM_(2.5)污染得以明显改善,但2020年仍高于国家标准限值,4城市PM_(2.5)年均浓度呈西低东高的分布特征。6年4城市PM_(2.5)日均浓度总污染天数比例为24.40%,以轻度污染和重度污染天数为主,不同城市PM_(2.5)污染等级天数比例差异较大,且主要出现在秋冬季,五家渠和石河子的污染较乌鲁木齐和昌吉更严重。“乌昌石”区域风速、气温、日照时数和降水量与PM_(2.5)浓度呈极显著负相关,湿度和气压与其呈极显著正相关。研究显示,“乌昌石”区域PM_(2.5)污染改善显著,但重度污染尚未消除,构建PM_(2.5)污染发生时的气象要素数据库将对改善PM_(2.5)区域污染起积极作用。

Based on PM_(2.5)hourly monitoring data and meteorological data from 2015 to 2020,we analyzed the characteristics of PM_(2.5)pollution in the region and its relationship with meteorological elements.The results show that the annual average PM_(2.5)concentrations in the“Wuchang Shi”region ranged from 53.61 to 65.31μg/m^(3)from 2015 to 2020,and that the regional PM_(2.5)pollution improved significantly after 2017,but was still higher than the national standard limit in 2020,with the annual average PM_(2.5)concentrations in the four cities showing a distribution characteristic of low in the west and high in the east.The proportion of total polluted days in the 4 cities in 6 years is 24.40%,mainly light and heavy pollution days,and the proportion of PM_(2.5)pollution level in different cities varies greatly,and mainly occurs in autumn and winter,with Wujiaqu and Shihezi having more serious pollution than Urumqi and Changji.The wind speed,temperature,sunshine hours and precipitation in the“Wu Changshi”region are highly significantly and negatively correlated with PM_(2.5)concentrations,while humidity and air pressure are highly and positively correlated with them.The study shows that PM_(2.5)pollution in the“Wuchang Shi”region has improved significantly,but heavy pollution has not yet been eliminated,and the construction of a database of meteorological elements at the time of PM_(2.5)pollution will play a positive role in improving PM_(2.5)regional pollution.