基于卫星遥感技术的高速铁路外部环境彩钢房类危险源风险评估方法

Risk Assessment Method of High Speed Railway External Environment Hazard Source of Color Steel Room Based on Satellite Remote Sensing Technology

基于面向对象方法快速提取卫星遥感影像中高速铁路沿线彩钢房类危险源的位置及属性信息,结合风速、高程DEM(Digital Elevation Model,数字高程模型),坡度等指标,采用层次分析法、层次分析-熵权组合法建立综合评估模型,展开外部环境彩钢房类危险源的识别排查及风险评估。结果表明:较高危险区和高危险区均主要分布在邻近线路两侧区域,两种模型的差别体现在彩钢房稳定性指标上;低危险区和极低危险区主要分布在远离线路的区域,主要地物类别为自然地物及结构稳定的构筑物;层次分析-熵权组合法评估模型的计算结果更为符合实际情况。可以通过建立风险管控制度、发挥监管机构作用及路外宣传等,有效降低高速铁路外部环境彩钢房类风险。

Based on the object-oriented method,the location and attribute information of the color steel rooms hazard sources along the high speed railway from satellite remote sensing images could be rapidly extracted.Combined with wind speed,elevation DEM,slope and other indicators,this paper used analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and the AHP-entropy weight combination method to establish a comprehensive evaluation model,and carried out the identification,investigation and risk assessment of the colored steel room hazard sources at the external environment of high speed railway.The results show that the higher risk area and high-risk area are mainly distributed on both sides of the adjacent railway line,and the difference between the two models is reflected in the stability index of the color steel room.Low-risk areas and extremely low-risk areas are mainly distributed in areas far away from the railway line,and the main types of ground objects are natural ground objects and structures with stable structure.The calculation results of the AHP-entropy weight combination method evaluation model are more in line with the actual situation.The risk of color steel rooms in the external environment of high speed railway could be effectively reduced,by establishing a risk control system,giving play to the role of regulatory agencies and strengthen publicity outside the railway.