环评改革应着力建设有效的环评市场

To Build an Effective EIA Market Based on EIA Reform

从有效市场与有为政府的角度回顾分析了不同时期环评市场主体与相关方关系,重点分析了环评机构脱钩、取消环评资质、“备案+承诺”等制度实施前后环评市场结构的变化。认为“脱钩”和取消环评资质后市场结构失衡,部分项目审批改“备案+承诺”造成环评需求模糊化。提出激发建设单位对环评质量的内生需求,提高建设单位对环评质量判断的能力;坚持提供价值服务,有效响应多样化需求;做到环评审批监管与环评市场监督“两手抓、两手都要硬”三方面的建议。

This paper reviews and analyzes the Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) market entity and stakeholder relationships in different periods from the perspective of efficient market and effective government,and focuses on the changes in the EIA market structure before and after Decoupling Assessment from Administration(DAA),Abolishing the Qualification of EIA Institutions(AQEI),and implementing Application of Record System(ARS) and Notification and Commitment System(NCS) in EIA.It is believed that the EIA market structure was unbalanced after the DAA and AQEI,construction units lack of clear EIA needs after the implementation of ARS and NCS for some projects.Finally,suggestions are put forward from three aspects∶stimulating the endogenous demand of construction units for the quality of EIA and improving the construction unit′s ability to judge the quality of EIA;insisting on providing value services and effectively respond to diversified needs;pushing for EIA approval supervision on one hand and EIA market supervision on the other.