全球产业研发投入态势及国际比较研究

Global Industrial R&D Investment Trends and International Comparative Research

全球科技创新发展迅速,世界各国都在不断加大研发投入,科技竞争愈演愈烈。本文基于2013年至2020年《欧盟产业研发投入记分牌》的数据,介绍全球产业研发投入概况,分析整体研发态势以及产业研发格局的变化情况,并对中国与美国、欧盟、日本的产业研发投入情况进行比较研究。研究发现,受新冠疫情影响,2020年全球产业研发投入稳中有升,但增速较上年减缓,全球产业研发格局加快重塑。当前,中国是全球产业研发投入增速最快的国家,其信息和通信技术产业成为美国潜在竞争对手,汽车产业进一步向制造业强国迈进,然而制药与生物技术产业仍然是中国的研发短板,与美国、欧盟等发达经济体仍然存在较大差距。

Global scientific and technological innovation is developing rapidly. All countries in the world are increasing investment in research and development, and global scientific and technological competition is intensifying. Based on the data source of the EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard from 2013 to 2020, this paper analyzes the global industrial R&D investment trend and compares the industrial R&D investment in China with the United States, the EU and Japan. The study finds that global industrial research and development is mainly driven by major economies in the world such as the United States, the EU, Japan and China, and the global industrial research and development pattern has been accelerated and reshaped due to the impact of the COVID-19epidemic. At present, China is the fastest growing country in the global industrial research and development investment, whose ICT industry has become a potential competitor of the United States, and the automobile industry has further moved towards a manufacturing power, but the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries are still China’s research and development shortcomings, and there is still a big gap between China and the developed econom such as the United States and the EU.