《儒林外史》艺术形象研究新维度之拓展——从人物原型研究的限度谈起

The Expansion of New Dimension of the Study of the Artistic Images in The Scholars Examined From the Limits of Archetypal Studies

从人物原型角度切入研究《儒林外史》,具备其他方法难以呈现的独特优势,但对其限度亦须保持必要的警醒。在反映时代困惑的同时,《儒林外史》之所以别具历史的纵深感,能够让读者联想到知识分子的历史命运,相当程度上有赖于巧妙运用互文手法,使原型材料与历史文化资源实现深度融合。《儒林外史》登上以公心讽世的讽刺巨著的颠峰,缘于作家重铸艺术形象时自觉跃出原型藩篱,调动各种艺术技法,吸纳适宜的传统资源来丰富、创新人物,从而为主题表达觅取了最有效力的构思方式。

It is of unique advantages to research The Scholars that other methods are difficult to present from the perspective of character archetype,but it is necessary to keep alert to its limits.To a considerable extent,it is the ingenious use of intertextual techniques that endows the archetypal materials and historical culture resources with a deep integration,which makes it possible for The Scholars to have a unique historical depth and can thus remind readers of the historical destiny of intellectuals while reflecting the perplexity of the era.The reason why The Scholars reaches the peak of the satiric masterpieces which hold justice to satirize the so-called morality is that the writer leaps out of the archetypal barriers consciously when he recasts the artistic images,using various artistic techniques and absorbing appropriate traditional resources to enrich and innovate the characters,consequently finding the most effective way of conception for the expression of the theme.