基于最大最小蚁群优化算法的缓层土质三维边坡临界滑动面搜索

Searching for Critical Slip Surface of Gently Inclined Three Dimensional Soil Slopes Based on the MAX-MIN Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm

解决滑坡问题的关键在于边坡的稳定性分析,而边坡稳定性分析的要点在于边坡临界滑动面的搜索以及边坡安全系数的计算。为更准确地搜索边坡的临界滑动面,将最大最小蚁群优化算法应用于缓层土质三维边坡临界滑动面搜索。首先采用光滑有限元法结合莫尔-库伦强度准则对边坡模型进行弹塑性分析,计算得到边坡的应力场;然后在边坡内部构建一组独立于有限元法单元网格的条带结点网络,在此基础上引入最大最小蚁群优化算法,结合滑动面应力法建立搜索边坡临界滑动面并求取对应安全系数的计算模型;最后利用该计算模型分别对均质边坡算例、双层材料边坡算例和公路路堑边坡工程实例进行计算与分析。结果表明:通过将该计算模型的计算结果与二维极限平衡法和三维强度折减法的计算结果进行对比,并结合某公路路堑边坡实例的滑坡实际发展趋势,验证了该计算模型的有效性和准确性,可为缓层土质边坡的开挖和支护设计提供依据。

The key to solve the landslide problem lies in the analysis of slope stability, and the key point of slope stability analysis lies in the search of critical slip surface and the calculation of the corresponding safety factor.In order to search the critical slip surface of slope more accurately, the MAX-MIN ant colony optimization algorithm is applied.Firstly, smooth finite element method combined with Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion is used to analyze the elastic-plastic slope model, and the stress field of the slope is calculated.Then, a set of strip node network independent of finite element method element grid is constructed inside the slope.Based on this, the MAX-MIN ant colony optimization algorithm is introduced and combined with the sliding surface stress method, a calculation model is established to search the critical sliding surface of slope and the corresponding safety factor is obtained.Finally, a example of homogeneous slope, a doube material slope example and a highway cutting slope engineering instance are calculated and analyzed by using the calculation model.The results are as follows: by comparing the results of the calculation model with two-dimensional limit equilibrium method and three-dimensional strength subtraction method, and combined with the actual development trend of a highway cutting slope instance, the effectiveness and accuracy of the calculation medel are verified, which may provide basis for slop excavation and support design.