瑜伽对产前抑郁症干预作用及机制的研究进展

Research Progress on the Intervention Effects and Mechanism of Yoga on Prenatal Depression

综述瑜伽对产前抑郁症的干预作用及相关机制,包括干预内容、运动强度、运动频率等因素对产前抑郁症干预效果的影响,以及瑜伽干预方案、安全措施、注意事项和瑜伽抗抑郁作用的机制。研究表明:瑜伽对产前抑郁症的干预效果已得到国内外学者的广泛认可。包含体式、呼吸、冥想、唱诵和放松术等的综合瑜伽练习效果优于仅是体式的瑜伽练习。孕13周以上无产科或内科并发症或禁忌症的孕妇,每周可分不同时间段进行合计至少150 min中等强度的瑜伽练习,每次练习30~60 min。一次瑜伽练习也能够改善抑郁情绪,干预效果与练习总时数呈正相关。瑜伽对产前抑郁症干预的机制是对神经系统及其功能、内分泌系统调整、压力改善等多方面共同作用的多系统效应,主要体现在:1)降低皮质醇的含量,增加催乳素的分泌功能;2)改善压力反射反应,增强应激耐受性。

The intervention effect and related mechanism of yoga therapy on prenatal depression are summarized,including the influence of intervention content,exercise intensity,exercise frequency,and other factors on the effect of yoga intervention on prenatal depression,as well as the yoga intervention program,safety measures,precautions,and the mechanism of yoga’s antidepression.It is concluded that:The intervention effect of yoga on prenatal depression has been widely recognized by scholars at home and abroad,and that the practice effect of comprehensive yoga including asana,breathing,meditation,chanting,and relaxation is better than yoga with asana alone.Pregnant women over 13 weeks of gestation with no obstetric,or medical complications or contraindications can practice at least 150 min of moderate-intensity yoga at different times every week,30 to 60 min per practice.A single yoga practice can also improve mood,and the therapeutic effect positively correlates with the total number of hours practiced.The therapeutic mechanism of yoga for depression is not only the single effect on the nervous system,but also the multisystemic effect on the nervous system function,endocrine system adjustment,stress improvement,and many other aspects.The specific mechanisms of yoga intervention on prenatal depression are mainly reflected in:1)The decreasing level of cortisol and the increased secretion function of prolactin;2)the improving of baroreflex reaction and the enhancement of stress tolerance.