2004—2021年舟山市突发公共卫生事件流行特征

Epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Zhoushan City from 2004 to 2021

目的 了解2004—2021年舟山市突发公共卫生事件流行特征,为预防和控制突发公共卫生事件提供参考。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统收集2004—2021年舟山市突发公共卫生事件及相关信息资料,描述性分析突发公共卫生事件类型、发生时间和场所分布。结果 2004—2021年舟山市共报告突发公共卫生事件60起,累计报告病例1 527例,波及52 661人,平均罹患率为2.90%(95%CI:2.78%~3.02%)。较大(Ⅲ级)事件3起,占5.00%;一般(Ⅳ级)事件13起,占21.67%;未分级事件44起,占73.33%;无特别重大(Ⅰ级)、重大(Ⅱ级)事件报告。1月、8月和12月为报告高峰,分别报告9、6和9起。传染病事件47起,占78.33%;食物中毒事件10起,占16.67%;化学性气体中毒事件3起,占5.00%。传染病事件居前四位的疾病依次为其他感染性腹泻(25.53%)、新型冠状病毒感染(17.02%)、流行性感冒(14.89%)和水痘(14.89%)。事件发生场所以学校和托幼机构为主,39起占65.00%;学校和托幼机构报告事件数居前三位的分别为其他感染性腹泻(28.21%)、流行性感冒(17.95%)和水痘(17.95%)。结论 2004—2021年舟山市突发公共卫生事件主要为传染病事件,分级以一般(Ⅳ级)事件和未分级事件为主,主要发生在学校和托幼机构。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Zhoushan City from2004 to 2021, so as to provide insights into the prevention and control of public health emergencies. Methods Data pertaining to public health emergencies and their associated data in Zhoushan City from 2004 to 2021 were retrieved from Emergency Public Health Management Information System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The type, date of occurrence and places of public health emergencies were descriptively analyzed. Results Sixty public health emergencies were reported in Zhoushan City from 2004 to 2021, during which 1 527 cases were reported and 52 661 individuals were involved, with an attack rate of 2.90%(95%CI: 2.78%-3.02%). There were 3 Ⅲ-level(5.00%), 13 Ⅳ-level(21.67%) and 44 unclassified public health emergencies(73.33%), and no Ⅰ-or Ⅱ-level emergencies were reported. The reported public health emergencies peaked in January(9), August(6) and December(9), and there were 47 infectious disease emergencies(78.33%), 10 food poisoning emergencies(16.67%) and 3 chemical gas poisoning emergencies(5.00%), respectively. The four most common infectious disease emergencies included other infectious diarrhea(25.53%), COVID-19(17.02%), influenza(14.89%) and chickenpox(14.89%). School and kindergarten were predominant places where public health emergencies occurred(39, 65.00%), and the three most common public health emergencies reported by schools and kindergartens included other infectious diarrhea(28.21%), influenza(17.95%) and chickenpox(17.95%). Conclusions Infectious disease emergencies were predominant public health emergencies in Zhoushan City from 2004 to 2021, and Ⅳ-level and unclassified emergencies were predominant. Public health emergencies mainly occurred in schools and kindergartens.