两种麻醉剂对凡纳滨对虾麻醉效果及组织氧化损伤的影响

Anesthetic effect and tissue oxidative injury for Litopenaeus vannamei by two anesthetics

为明确丁香酚和MS-222对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)的麻醉效果及相同效果下造成的二次应激,为两种麻醉剂在凡纳滨对虾中的应用提供参考数据与实验依据。研究了不同质量浓度丁香酚(20、30、40、60、80、100、120、140和160 mg·L^(-1))和MS-222 (800、900、1 000、1 100、1 200、1 300、1 400、1 500和1 600 mg·L^(-1))对体质量为(14±3) g凡纳滨对虾的麻醉效果,以及相同效果下对其机体生理和组织形态的影响。结果表明:1)丁香酚和MS-222的质量浓度分别为80和1 400 mg·L^(-1)时,对虾在3 min内进入深度麻醉阶段,5 min内恢复正常;2)使用这两种麻醉剂均会造成对虾的鳃和肝胰腺组织损伤,其中丁香酚组的鳃组织各项抗氧化指标早于MS-222组达到峰值;丁香酚组Caspase-3活性在麻醉复苏后6 h显著降低,而MS-222组则显著升高(P<0.05);丁香酚组和MS-222组的Na+/K+-ATP酶活性显著降低(P<0.05);组织形态分析显示两种麻醉剂均会引起对虾鳃和肝胰腺产生不同程度的变形或裂解损伤,而在麻醉复苏后6 h丁香酚组恢复正常。综上,丁香酚和MS-222对凡纳滨对虾均有麻醉效果,但MS-222所需浓度更高,且对机体造成的二次应激损伤更为严重。

To provide references for the application of two anesthetics in Litopenaeus vannamei, we studied the anesthetic effects of eugenol(20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160 mg·L^(-1)) and MS-222(800, 900, 1 000, 1 100, 1 200, 1 300, 1 400, 1 500,1 600 mg·L^(-1)) on L. vannamei with body mass of(14±3) g. Besides, we tested the secondary stress injury on the physiological functions and pathomorphologic changes by the two anesthetics. The results show that: 1) Eugenol of 80 mg·L^(-1)and MS-222 of1 400 mg·L^(-1)induced L. vannamei to enter the stage of deep anesthetic within 3 min, and return to the normal stage within5 min. 2) The gills and hepatopancreas of L. vannamei were injured by the two anesthetics, and the antioxidant indexes of gills in the eugenol group reached the maximum value earlier than the MS-222 group. The Caspase-3 activity in the eugenol group decreased significantly after anesthesia recovery of 6 h, while that in the MS-222 group increased significantly(P<0.05). The Na+/K+-ATPase activity in both the groups decreased significantly(P<0.05). Pathomorphologic analysis shows that the two anesthetics could cause deformation or lysis of gills and hepatopancreas, and the eugenol group could recover after anesthesia recovery of 6 h. In conclusion, eugenol and MS-222 have anesthetic effects on L. vannamei, but the concentration of MS-222 is higher and the secondary stress damage to the body is more serious.