安溪铁观音农业文化遗产活态保护评价

Evaluation on the Living Protection of Agricultural Cultural Heritage of Tieguanyin in Anxi

近年来,为了实现农业文化遗产健康、稳定发展,农业文化遗产的活态保护越来越受到重视。安溪铁观音作为全球重要的农业文化遗产,对其活态保护有利于茶产业的可持续发展和当地农民的可持续经济收益,更有助于实现乡村振兴的产业振兴。农业文化遗产保护是时代发展的需要。通过文献综述法、德尔菲专家法和层次分析法构建包括人文保护状况、活态保护技术、文化保护状况、遗产保护效果在内的安溪铁观音农业文化遗产活态保护评价指标体系,运用模糊综合评价分析法对安溪铁观音农业文化遗产活态保护进行评价。结果显示,安溪铁观音农业文化遗产存在以下问题:政策体制不健全,农户整体素质能力有待提高;茶园建设有待健全,宣传活动形式单一;文化传承不到位,对外传播力度不够;文化遗产价值转换不够,品牌遭遇仿冒危机。最后,提出了推动安溪铁观音农业文化遗产活态保护的对策建议,即:加强政府支持力度,提高农户综合素质;构建茶园生态系统,创新茶文化宣传方式;健全传承体系,促进广泛传播;强化文化遗产价值转换,打造品牌支持体系等。

In recent years,in order to realize the healthy and stable development of agricultural cultural heritage,more and more attention has been paid to the living protection of agricultural cultural heritage.As an important global agricultural cultural heritage,the protection of Anxi Tieguanyin is conducive to the sustainable development of the tea industry,the sustainable economic benefits of local farmers,and more conducive to rural revitalization.The protection of agricultural cultural heritage is the need of the development of the times.An evaluation index system for the living protection of Anxi Tieguanyin agricultural cultural heritage was constructed,including human protection status,living protection technology,cultural protection status,and heritage protection effect,through literature review,Delphi expert method,and analytic hierarchy process,and the living protection of Anxi Tieguanyin agricultural cultural heritage was evaluated through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation analysis.The results showed that:there are problems in the agricultural cultural heritage of Tieguanyin in Anxi,such as the policy system is not sound,and the overall quality and ability of farmers need to be improved;tea garden construction needs to be improved,and the form of publicity activities is single;the cultural inheritance is not in place and the external communication is not strong enough;the value conversion of cultural heritage is not enough,and the brand encounters counterfeiting crisis.Finally,countermeasures and suggestions were put forward from strengthening government support and improving the comprehensive quality of farmers,building tea garden ecosystem and innovating tea culture publicity methods,improving the inheritance system and promoting wide dissemination,strengthening the value transformation of cultural heritage and building a brand support system and so on.