《医学四续》双语题名浅析——以木刻版分部梵语题名为中心

A Research on the Bilingual Titles of Four Medical Tantras:Focusing on the Sanskrit Title of the Woodblock Edition

《甘露心要八支秘密窍诀续》是一部由藏族学者编著的医学全书,由《根本续》《论说续》《秘诀续》和《后续》四部组成,常简称为《四续》。根据当时的学术习惯,除藏文书名外,该书还题有梵文书名。苯教传本《四部医典》则采用了象雄语、藏语双语题名。传世的部分版本上还有分部的梵文、象雄语题名,不同版本给出的梵题略有差异。在清代北京版《四部医典》中还有汉字分部和页码。该书多语题名及其差异反映了西藏本地文化多元性,体现了与中原地区和周边地区文化的交流交融,为藏医学文献和历史研究提供了重要线索。

The Secret Quintessential Instructions of the Eight Branches of Ambrosia Essence,known as the Four Medical Tantras,is a medical encyclopedia written by Tibetan medical scholars.According to the convention,it should have Sanskrit and Tibetan titles.Bonpo version of Four Medical Tantras has Zhang-zhung and Tibetan titles,there even are Sanskrit and Zhang-zhung title of some spreading editions.There are some differences in Sanskrit titles of the Four Medical Tantras among different editions.In the Beijing version of Four Medical Tantras in Qing Dynasty,there are Chinese characters and page numbers.The multi-language titles and their differences reflect Tibet’s cultural diversity,which demonstrate the cultural exchange and integration between China and its neighboring countries.It also provides important clues for the literature and historical research of Tibetan medicine.